How Does Aqua Therapy Help People Recover From Injuries?

Posted November 26, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

When people injure themselves, it can be difficult to overcome pain and fear of re-injury when recovering. This is especially true with injuries in weight-bearing places such as the back, hips, knees, ankles, and feet. Refraining from putting your full weight on your recovering injury can ease your mind, but it inhibits the proper muscle strengthening that helps to prevent re-injury. This is why many Orthopaedic doctors and physical therapists recommend swimming. The act of using water to recover is known as aqua therapy or water therapy. It can be done on your own if you have the correct equipment, or during a guided session with an instructor.

You can find low-impact classes at most pools, but always check with your doctor if the class is not specifically for recovery. Some strength-training or exercise classes may not be appropriate for your injury recovery! Most importantly, be safe while in the water. Always make sure there is someone else around who will be able to help if you need it. This could be a lifeguard, a neighbor, a coach or instructor, a family members, or other able-bodied adult.

Ready to dive in? Learn more about aqua therapy below!

The Benefits of Aqua Therapy

Aqua therapy helps in several areas of recovery, from pain management to rehabilitation. It not only helps with recovery, but is also a great way for those with arthritis to exercise without much pain. This recovery tool has the support of several national colleges and other health organizations for its benefits, which include:

1. Strengthening Muscles, Tendons, and Ligaments

Swimming is a great exercise on its own outside of rehabilitation. It is a full-body cardio workout, with several strokes and techniques that target different muscles and areas of the body. By pushing, pulling, kicking, and moving against the water’s resistance, you strengthen your muscles, tendons, and ligaments in a non-weight bearing way due to buoyancy. Re-strengthening the muscles in or around your injury is critical to a full recovery. This is especially true for injuries that require the injured body part to be completely unused or stationary for long periods of time. Strengthening muscles, tendons, and ligaments properly during recovery greatly decreases your chance of reinjury.

2. Reducing Impact on Injury During Rehabilitation

The buoyancy of the human body in water allows aqua therapy to be a low-impact, non-weight bearing rehab option. The water protects your body as you recover and rebuild your muscles and confidence while avoiding weight and motion that could potentially cause reinjury!

3. Decreasing Swelling and Pain

We might not always feel it when we get into the water, but water pressure is constantly pressing in on our bodies. If you think about the feeling you get when you swim down deep, that’s noticeable. This still happens in shallower water, but not that degree. Still, the combination of water pressure and cooler temperatures can decrease the body’s inflammatory response to an injury.

4. Accessible Year-Round

Swimming is a great winter sport, and several people take advantage of indoor lap swimming to exercise in the colder months. Some rehab clinics will have aqua therapy on-site with special equipment. However, for minor injuries or clinics who do not have special equipment, any indoor pool with lap swim hours can function as a rehabilitation tool.

When NOT to Practice Aqua Therapy

While aqua therapy is beneficial to most people, there are some who should not participate in this rehab method. Do not seek out water therapy if:

You have a healing surgical wound or freshly closed wound.
You have an open wound.
You cannot swim.
Your pain is debilitating or worsening.
You do not have the proper equipment and/or instruction.

Visit Orthopaedic Doctor Dr. Stacie Grossfeld in Louisville, KY

Have an injury and need a double board-certified orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine doctor? Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists treats a variety of different injuries and can help you decide on the best recovery method.

If you or someone you love has suffered an injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

Joint Pain and Cold Weather

Posted November 14, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Joint pain and cold weather unfortunately go together. Many people who have joint conditions like arthritis notice that the pain comes and goes with several factors. Certain types of exercise, different foods, and yes, the weather. As the temperatures drop, our bodies react to it in different ways. It can cause pain sensitivity, slow blood circulation, muscle spasms, and a change in the synovial fluid in our joints. All of these factors contribute to increased joint pain in the colder months. So, what can you do about it?

Why Cold Weather Can Cause Joint Pain

Several factors come into play when it comes to the link between joint pain and colder temperatures, such as:

1. Reduced Blood Flow

When it’s cold outside, your body works harder to maintain its core temperature. One way it does this is by reducing blood flow to your extremities (like your hands, feet, knees, and elbows) to preserve heat in the more vital areas. While this is a natural survival mechanism, it can lead to stiffness and discomfort in the joints. Without adequate blood flow, your joints may feel stiff, swollen, or achy, especially during physical activity.

2. Thicker Joint Fluid

Synovial fluid is a natural lubricant that helps your joints move smoothly. In cold weather, this fluid can thicken, making it harder for your joints to glide easily. This thickening of joint fluid can lead to increased friction in the joints, resulting in discomfort and a feeling of stiffness, particularly in the knees, hips, and shoulders.

3. Barometric Pressure Changes

Another factor contributing to winter joint pain is the shift in barometric pressure that often accompanies cold weather. As the temperature drops, so does the barometric pressure, which can cause tendons, muscles, and surrounding tissues to expand. This expansion puts additional pressure on your joints, increasing discomfort. For many people with pre-existing joint conditions, these shifts in pressure can lead to pain, swelling, and reduced flexibility.

4. Inactivity

When the weather gets colder, people often spend more time indoors and become less active. A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to joint stiffness because less movement means less blood flow and less flexibility. Additionally, cold weather can discourage people from engaging in physical activities like walking or exercising, which are essential for joint health. Over time, this lack of movement can cause the muscles supporting your joints to weaken, making your joints more vulnerable to pain and injury.

Tips for Managing Joint Pain in the Cold

Although cold weather can present challenges for those with joint pain, there are several arthritis pain management strategies you can adopt to manage discomfort and maintain mobility throughout the winter months:

1. Stay Active

Maintaining regular movement is essential for joint health. Even when it’s cold outside, try to incorporate low-impact exercises into your daily routine. Activities like walking, swimming, or cycling can help keep your joints flexible and strong without putting excessive stress on them. If it’s too cold to exercise outside, consider indoor alternatives such as yoga, Pilates, or home workouts. These exercises can help improve flexibility, reduce stiffness, and promote blood flow to your joints.

2. Warm Up Before Activity

Whether you’re braving the outdoors for a walk or preparing for an indoor workout, always take the time to warm up your muscles and joints before starting any activity. Warming up can help increase blood flow, reduce muscle stiffness, and decrease the risk of injury. Dynamic stretches—such as leg swings, arm circles, or gentle twists—are excellent for preparing your body for movement and getting your joints ready for action.

3. Dress in Layers

Keeping your joints warm is crucial for preventing stiffness and discomfort in cold weather. Dress in layers to keep your muscles and joints well-protected. Wear warm, moisture-wicking fabrics to keep sweat away from your skin, and focus on areas like your knees, hips, and hands, which tend to be more sensitive to the cold. Compression sleeves for the knees or wrists can also help provide support and warmth, reducing joint pain.

4. Use Heat Therapy

Heat therapy can be incredibly effective in managing joint pain during the winter. Applying heat to stiff or painful joints helps to improve blood flow and relax tight muscles. You can use a heating pad, warm towel, or even take a warm bath to ease discomfort. For more targeted relief, consider using hand warmers or heated gloves and socks to keep your extremities comfortable in the cold.

5. Strengthen Supporting Muscles

Strong muscles support your joints and help alleviate the pressure on them. Regular strength training exercises can help build up the muscles surrounding your joints, particularly in the legs, arms, and core. By strengthening these muscles, you provide added protection and stability for your joints, reducing the likelihood of pain or injury. Aim to include strength training exercises in your routine at least two to three times a week.

6. Stay Hydrated

It’s easy to forget to drink water during the colder months, but staying hydrated is just as important in winter as it is in summer. Dehydration can cause your body to retain less fluid, including in your joints, which may worsen pain. Aim to drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your body and joints properly lubricated. Herbal teas or warm water with lemon can be good alternatives to help keep you hydrated and warm during the colder months.

Let’s Talk About Joint Pain at Orthopaedic Specialists

Cold weather can certainly make joint pain feel worse, but with the right strategies, you can manage discomfort and stay active during the winter months. By maintaining regular physical activity, keeping your joints warm, using heat therapy, and strengthening the muscles that support your joints, you can reduce stiffness and improve your mobility. If you’re experiencing persistent or severe joint pain, it’s always a good idea to consult with an orthopedic specialist to develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.

If you or someone you love suffer from joint pain in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

Swollen Rolled Ankle? When to See a Doctor for a Sprain

Posted October 21, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Ankle sprains are a common injury, especially amongst athletes and active individuals. Whether you’re playing a weekend game of basketball or just stepping off a curb awkwardly, a rolled ankle can lead to pain, swelling, and uncertainty about the severity of the injury. At what point does pain equal a visit to the doctor? Do you need to wrap it or use crutches? Learn more below about sprained ankles and how proper treatment can help you get back on your feet faster.

Understanding Rolled Ankle Sprains

An ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle stretch or tear. This often happens when the ankle rolls, twists, or pivots in an unnatural way. Symptoms can include:

Pain and tenderness around the ankle
Swelling and bruising
Limited range of motion
Instability when walking or bearing weight

While many sprains can be treated at home, some cases require medical attention.

When to See a Doctor for a Rolled Ankle

It’s important to know when your injury needs a visit to a doctor. Here are some signs that you should seek professional help:

1. Severe Pain

If the pain in your ankle is intense and persists despite resting and elevating it, it may indicate a more severe injury, such as a fracture or significant ligament damage.

2. Swelling That Doesn’t Improve

Mild swelling is normal after a sprain, but if your ankle remains swollen or the swelling worsens over time, it could signal a need for medical evaluation.

3. Inability to Bear Weight

If you find it impossible to put any weight on your ankle, or if you can only walk with a noticeable limp, it’s a sign that you should consult a doctor.

4. Deformity or Instability

Visible deformities, such as an unusual shape or position of the ankle, or a feeling of instability when standing or walking, require immediate medical attention.

5. Numbness or Tingling

Any numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation in your foot or toes could indicate nerve damage.

What to Expect During Your Visit

When you see an orthopedic specialist for a sprained ankle, they will likely perform a physical examination and may order imaging tests, such as X-rays or an MRI, to assess the extent of your injury. This helps to rule out fractures and determine the best course of treatment.

Rolled Ankle Treatment Options

Treatment for an ankle sprain varies based on its severity and may include:

RICE Method: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation are effective for managing initial symptoms.
Physical Therapy: A tailored rehabilitation program can help restore strength and mobility.
Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers may be recommended to reduce pain and swelling.
Surgery: In severe cases involving significant ligament damage or instability, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Preventing Future Injuries

Once you’ve healed from a sprain, it’s essential to take steps to prevent future injuries. Consider incorporating strength and flexibility exercises into your routine, wearing supportive footwear, and practicing proper techniques during sports and activities. If you were prescribed physical therapy exercises, do not abandon them! These exercises and stretches will help to strengthen the area around the injury. Just because an injury feels a lot better, doesn’t mean that it is all the way better.

Call Dr. Stacie Grossfeld, Louisville Sports Injury Doctor

A swollen, rolled ankle can be concerning, but knowing when to seek medical help is vital for effective recovery. If you’re experiencing severe pain, persistent swelling, or difficulty bearing weight, don’t hesitate to consult an orthopedic surgeon or sports medicine doctor. Early intervention can significantly impact your recovery time and help you return to your active lifestyle safely. Dr. Grossfeld specializes in sports-related injuries, with tailored programs meant to get you back to your prime.

If you or someone you love has suffered an ankle injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

Arthritis and Knee Pain

Posted October 7, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

As we age, it is normal to feel different aches and pains in our body where we might not have before. Our muscles, joints, and bones go through several changes that result from the normal wear and tear of movement. One of the most common reasons for pain in the joints is arthritis. Arthritis and knee pain are closely associated together, but all of the major joints can be affected. The condition is prevalent in fingers, wrists, elbows, shoulders, hips, knees, ankles, and toes.

However, when do you know that pain in your knee is arthritis?

Common Causes for Knee Arthritis

Although it affects an estimated 1 in 4 adults in the US, not everyone develops osteoarthritis in their lifetime. So, what’s the cause?

Through wear-and-tear, the cartilage between the the bones in the knee joint wear away. If the layer of padding between the bones wears too thin, then the bones can begin rubbing against each other. This is what causes arthritic pain. Unfortunately, the cause is rather unknown regarding why some people get it and some people don’t. There are certain risk factors that can contribute to a higher chance of developing arthritis in the knee, including:

Age
Bone anomalies
Gout
Injuries
Joint stress, or consistent, intense usage of the joint
Weight

There is no one factor that doctors can say officially cause osteoarthritis. When it comes to diagnosing arthritis and knee pain, however, if you display any of the above risk factors, it is likely that you’ll be tested for osteoarthritis.

Symptoms of Arthritis in the Knees

The signs and symptoms of arthritis often include pain in or around the knee. However, there are several other signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis in the knee joint, including:

Creaking, clicking, grinding, or snapping noises in the joint
Difficulty walking
Weather-dependent joint pain
Stiffness in the joint
Knee buckling
Progressive knee pain
Redness around affected area
Swelling

Diagnosing Knee Pain and Arthritis

Osteoarthritis can be diagnosed in several different ways, but it almost always starts with a physical examination and consideration of your medical history. During the exam, your doctor might ask you about any symptoms you’ve noticed. They also may guide you through a series of movement tests to see:

Your knee pain levels,
the range of motion in the knee joint and/or patellofemoral joint,
leg muscle strength and stability,
the presence of any joint swelling or tenderness, or
your gait.

If there is no diagnosis made during the physical exam, your doctor might order blood tests to test for genetic markers/RA antibodies or an X-ray, which can show bone spurs, cysts, and how narrow the joint space is in the knee. In some cases, joint aspiration, or drawing out and testing the synovial fluid in the knee joint.

Experiencing Knee Pain in Louisville, KY? Come See Orthopaedic Surgeon Dr. Stacie Grossfeld.

Knee pain is no joke as the knee joint is a major weight-bearing joint that we use every day. If you are experiencing pain and expect it to be arthritis, then it is best to get a diagnosis and work with a doctor to develop a treatment plan. Depending on what stage your arthritis is, that can be anything from a diet or other lifestyle changes to a joint replacement.

Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists is an expert in knee injuries, knee pain, and knee surgery. If you need a knee doctor, call us today to make an appointment!

If you or someone you love has suffered a knee injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

Ankle Sprain Treatments in Louisville, KY

Posted September 23, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Ankle sprains are very common injuries that affect the ligaments and joint of the ankle. When the ankle is moved quickly or unnaturally without the ligaments having time to warm up, they can stretch and potentially tear. This is good news, since they are very prevalent in sports, but normally do not necessitate a doctor’s visit or too much recovery time. However, while the injury is seen a lot in athletes, since many rely on the feet and ankles to complete quick movements and bear the body’s weight, you can sprain your ankle anywhere. Sometimes, walking up or down stairs, on an uneven surface, or encountering an unanticipated change of elevation can knock you off balance and cause an ankle sprain.

Ankle sprains are usually minor injuries, with symptoms including pain, swelling, bruising, tenderness, and instability. Because of their nature, many ankle sprain treatments are easy to do at home with over-the-counter pain relief and rest.

Common Ankle Sprain Treatments

1. R.I.C.E. Method:

One of the best ankle sprain treatments is the tried-and-true R.I.C.E. method.

Rest sufficiently by getting enough sleep and sitting out of any strenuous activities. This allows the body to heal faster and more completely. Trying to rush back into activities may result in reinjury.
Ice the injury 2-3 times per day for 15-20 minutes. Be sure to put a barrier between your skin and the ice pack to avoid nerve injury from the cold.
Compress the injury with an elastic bandage, sleeve, or brace to keep swelling down.
Elevate the injury above the level of your heart, especially at night, to reduce swelling and inflammation and drain excess fluid around the ankle.

2. Over-the-Counter Medication:

Over -the-counter (OTC) medication is commonly used for minor injuries like ankle sprains. You can buy them in the pharmaceutical section of grocery stores or other pharmacy stores. Normally, they are used in conjunction with other recovery methods. They include:

NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) like
- Aspirin (Bayer®, St. Joseph®), Ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®), and Naproxen sodium (Aleve®)
Acetaminophen
- Tylenol® and Excedrin®

3. Physical Therapy

When an ankle ligament stretches or tears, the ankle becomes destabilized. Without proper strengthening and reconditioning exercises to rebuild the muscle and restore the ligament’s durability, there is a high potential for reinjury. Athletes might strengthen the ligament by returning to training, but non-athletes should take additional rehabilitation steps. Good ankle strengthening exercises include:

Daily stretching, especially with the addition of resistance bands or other tools
Ankle mobility exercises like the “Ankle Alphabet”
Side-to-side knee swings
Single-leg balancing

4. Stabilizing Devices

After the initial injury, ankle sprains can be very painful, even if they aren’t very serious. For more severe sprains, you may want to talk to your doctor about crutches or an orthopedic boot. Casts are rarely used, but ankle supports, ankle wraps, and ankle braces can help reduce swelling and give you a sense of stability. When using these items, however, be sure to incorporate strengthening exercises in tandem. Without full weight-bearing activities helping to restrengthen the ligaments, the ankle may become more unstable than it would without the aids.

Need Treatment for a Sever Ankle Sprain? Call Dr. Stacie Grossfeld

If your pain increases, or the at-home ankle sprain treatments do not help your injury, it may be time to seek out a doctor. Dr. Stacie Grossfeld is board-certified in both sports medicine and orthopedic surgery. We can get your ankle sprain back up to standard so that you can continue using your joints to their highest ability. Let us take care of you!

If you or someone you love has suffered an ankle sprain injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

5 Ways to Manage Extreme Osteoarthritis

Posted September 9, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It is a degenerative joint disease that caused by the wear and tear of cartilage around joints. Without the barrier, we experience inflammation as the bones change shape or grind against each other. This inflammation results in the pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility associated with arthritis. Osteoarthritis can affect people of all ages, even if it is more common in older adults, and range from minor pain to debilitating. For the more serious cases, what are some way to manage extreme osteoarthritis?

1. Lifestyle Changes

While it might seem counter intuitive, exercise is one of the best ways to manage osteoarthritis. Physical activity keeps people from gaining too weight and putting more strain on the joints. It also strengthens the muscles around affected joints at the same time, which helps joint blood flow and mobility. Physical activity and exercise can be a lot of things, too; it does not have to be a drastic lifestyle change! Consider:

Cleaning the house more often
Caring for a garden
Swimming for 30 minutes or taking a water aerobics class at your local pool
Taking a short walk every day
Stretching for 15-30 minutes in the morning and at night

2. Diet Changes

Paying more attention to your diet can help manage pain in multiple ways. It is the other proponent to keeping a manageable weight, which has the benefits stated above. However, it can also affect the level of inflammation you experience. Some foods and beverages can cause inflammation, while others are non-inflammatory and contain vitamins, healthy fats, and antioxidants. Some non-inflammatory foods to include in your diet are:

Fatty Fish
Leafy Greens
Berries
Turmeric
Ginger
Nuts and Seeds
Olive Oil
Cruciferous Vegetables
Tomatoes
Green Tea
Whole Grains
Lean Protein

3. Medication

While there is no medication that can “cure” osteoarthritis, you can get medication that will manage the pain and inflammation. Most medications are over-the-counter. These include NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen and celecoxib), topical ointments (capsaicin, menthol, or lidocaine), and select analgesics (acetaminophen).

However, for extreme osteoarthritis, doctors may prescribe drugs like opioids, oral corticosteroids, or other drugs on the market that have improved pain symptoms like duloxetine or pregabalin.

4. Injections

Corticosteroids come in an injectable form alongside the oral medication. The injects usually have a faster and more targeted effect as the medication is injected directly into the affected joint. These injections vary in how long they last and can provide relief from a few weeks to a few months.

5. Surgery

For the most extreme osteoarthritis cases, surgery is an option. Joint replacement surgery replaces the affected joint with a metal, plastic, or ceramic joint prothesis. The prothesis acts as a healthy joint and keeps bones from rubbing against each other.

Orthopaedic Doctor in Louisville, KY

If you have extreme osteoarthritis pain or need to consult a doctor for a joint replacement surgery, Dr. Stacie Grossfeld is a double-board certified orthopedic surgeon in Louisville, KY. She specializes in orthopedic surgery, sports medicine, and

If you or someone you love suffers from osteoarthritis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

From the Desk of Dr. Stacie Grossfeld: Reflecting on the 2024 Paris Olympics

Posted August 15, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

The 2024 Olympics in Paris were an incredible display of athletic skill. However, they also served as a powerful reminder of the importance of taking care of our bodies. Especially our bones, muscles, and joints! As an orthopedic surgeon, I see the Olympics as a great example of how peak performance and good musculoskeletal health go hand-in-hand.

Olympic athletes train for years to reach their level of excellence. However, this intense training came with a higher risk of injuries. Common training injuries are ACL tears, Achilles tendon ruptures, stress fractures, and tendinitis. These athletes had to focus not only on their training but also on injury prevention.

For those of us who are active but not Olympians, there are important lessons to learn from their experience. First, a balanced fitness routine is key. This means incorporating strength training, stretching, and cardiovascular exercises to improve overall fitness and reduce the risk of injury. Warming up before exercise and cooling down afterward are also important to protect your muscles and joints.

Listening to your body is another critical lesson. Many injuries, especially overuse injuries like tendinitis, start small and gradually worsen. If you experience persistent pain, swelling, or a limited range of motion, it’s important to seek medical advice before the issue becomes more serious.

The 2024 Olympics also highlighted the value of proper rehabilitation. Athletes often used advanced treatments that are available as the best of the best. But the basic principles—early treatment, personalized care, and a gradual return to activity—apply to everyone. A good rehabilitation plan, tailored to your specific needs, is essential for recovery and preventing future injuries.

Lastly, the mental side of recovery is just as important. Olympic athletes show tremendous mental strength during their recoveries, and this is something everyone can learn from. Staying positive, setting achievable goals, and being patient with the healing process are all crucial for a successful return to your favorite activities.

Looking back at the 2024 Olympics, we can be inspired by the athletes and also take away the important message that taking care of our musculoskeletal health is key to enjoying an active life. Whether you’re training for a big event or just trying to stay fit, focusing on injury prevention, proper training, and smart recovery will help you stay healthy and active for the long term.

Who are Your Favorite Athletes and Why?

Reflecting on the 2024 Olympics, three athletes stood out to me for their incredible performances and inspiring stories: Simone Biles, Sifan Hassan, and Gabby Thomas.

Simone Biles, already a gymnastics legend, demonstrated remarkable resilience by making a triumphant return to the Olympics. She captured more medals and proved that mental health is just as important as physical prowess.

Sifan Hassan’s endurance on the track was nothing short of astonishing. Competing in multiple long-distance events, she displayed unmatched stamina and determination, pushing the limits of human performance. She won a gold medal in the marathon with an exciting finish, a bronze medal in the 5000m, and another bronze medal in the 10,000m race. She raced over 38 miles during the games, which is an incredible feat!

Gabby Thomas also made headlines with her speed and grace on the track. Not only did she excel in the 200 meters, but her pursuit of academic success as a Harvard graduate while training for the Olympics is a testament to her dedication both on and off the field.

These athletes embody the spirit of perseverance, balance, and excellence, making them my favorites from the 2024 Games.

If you or someone you love has suffered a sports injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

Gout and Pseudogout

Posted August 12, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Gout and pseudogout are two conditions that have a lot of similarities. But how are they different? Are they different? Despite sounding alike and having similar symptoms, the two are different! There are a few key differences between them that can be difficult to pick out. In fact, it would take a microscope to know for sure which is which.

Gout is caused by hyperuricemia (too much uric acid in the body). Pseudogout is a condition known as calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPD). In simple terms, gout and pseudogout develop due to different types of crystals in the joints.

Causes of Gout vs Pseudogout

The different types of crystals that form in the joints are the physical causes of gout and pseudogout. Gout is the result of sodium urate crystals that appear in and around joints. They form due to high levels of uric acid. Uric acid is your body’s natural method of breaking down purines in foods and the body. But when there is an overproduction of uric acid, it crystalizes and builds up in joints, fluids, and tissues within the body and produces the inflammation and joint damage that characterize gout. Obesity, insulin resistance, high cholesterol, heart disease, hypothyroidism, and kidney disease have been associated with gout.

Pseudogout is the result of calcium pyrophosphate crystals (CPP). These crystals form and build up in the joint cartilage. Unlike uric acid, it is unknown why CPP crystals form. However, excess iron or calcium, low magnesium, an abnormal thyroid gland, or a genetic predisposition may be contributing factors.

Symptoms of Gout and Pseudogout

The symptoms gout include a sudden and severe arthritic attack characterized by a red, hot, swollen, and painful joint. After the attack is over, people with this conditions experience no symptoms at all, so it is difficult to anticipate the next. While it can affect any joint, over 50% of gout cases occur in the big toe, with the ankle, lesser toe joints, and knees also common sites of inflammation. Gout also usually only affects one joint.

This differs from pseudogout, which has a higher chance of affecting multiple joints, usually the knees. The symptoms are almost identical to gout, with joints becoming red, swollen, and warm during the sudden and severe attacks.

Diagnosis of Gout and Pseudogout

As mentioned before, you would have to use a microscope to differentiate between CPP crystals and sodium urate crystals. A common way that gout and pseudogout are diagnosed is via fluid that is drawn from around an affected joint and then analyzed. However, gout diagnosis usually relies on your history of arthritic attacks along with exam findings, since some people who experience gout have low uric acid levels at times. CPPD is diagnosable via MRIs, ultrasounds, CT scans, and X-rays on top of lab tests.

Treatments for Gout and Pseudogout

Gout and pseudogout have different treatments, despite the symptoms being so similar. Gout is treated with a unique combination of dietary and lifestyle modifications and medication. The different medications include:

Drugs to ease inflammation:
- Colchicine (Colcrys)
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Glucocorticoid (steroid) pills or shots
Drugs to lower uric acid in the blood to the recommended 6ml/dL level:
- Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
- Febuxostat (Uloric)
Drugs that help the kidneys remove excess uric acid:
- Probenecid (Benemid)
- Lesinurad (Zurampic)
- Pegloticase (Krystexxa)

Pseudogout has less treatment methods available, since much about the disease is still unknown. There is no way to dissolve the calcium pyrophosphate crystals, but there are ways to manage the pain. Common treatments include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to treat joint pain and swelling
Draining fluid from affected joints
Corticosteroid injections
Drugs like methotrexate, colchicine, or the interleukin beta-1 antagonist anakinra (Kineret)
Surgery to repair or replace damaged joints

Gout and Pseudogout Treatment in Louisville, KY

Gout and pseudogout are painful conditions to live with. Diet and lifestyle may help mitigate the effects, but sometime medical intervention is necessary. Orthopaedic Specialists specializes in joint pain and pain management. If you need a corticosteroid injection or joint surgery, contact board-certified orthopedic surgeon Dr. Stacie Grossfeld today!

Golf Courses in Louisville

Posted July 25, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

Finding an activity you enjoy that helps you get outside and active is great for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Staying in shape, having fun, and challenging your mind and body does wonders for people of all ages! One activity that checks all of these boxes is golfing. Luckily, the golf courses in Louisville, KY are truly second to none. With 28 golf courses throughout Louisville, there is no shortage of beautiful courses that offer a quality golfing experience.

Louisville Metro Golf Courses

Our city has 9 public golf courses that Louisville Parks and Recreation maintains. These courses make the game of golf more affordable and accessible for everyone! Rates differ between courses and typically vary depending on the time of day. These courses include:

Bobby Nichols Golf Course

This is a beautiful 9-hole course takes the name of Louisvillian and PGA professional Bobby Nichols. The fairways are lined with trees, there are large, bunkered greens, and Nichols Creek tests golfers’ straight tee shots. Bobby Nichols is a hidden gem of a course and is perfect for those who are up for a challenge.

Charlie Vettiner Golf Course

This gorgeous 18-hole golf course has rolling hills, bent grass greens, and zoysia fairways. Although Charlie Vettiner golf course has been rated as the 7th most challenging course in Kentucky, it still allows golfers of all levels of skill the ability to play.

Cherokee Golf Course

Cherokee is the oldest public golf course in Louisville, KY. However, it is also the shortest of the Louisville Metro Parks golf courses. This 9-hole course is a great option if you’re looking to get in a quick game!

Seneca Golf Course

Seneca Golf Course is one of the most popular public golf courses in Louisville, KY and has been rated one of the toughest courses in Louisville. This 18-hole course offers gorgeous views as it winds through Seneca park. Seneca golf course is a family-friendly course as well as a great option for the more serious golfer.

Shawnee Golf Course

An 18-hole course that is centrally located, Shawnee has been one of Louisville golfers’ favorite courses since 1926. It is another beginner-friendly course that offers beautiful views as it is alongside the Ohio River.

We can’t go without mentioning the 4 remaining public Louisville Metro Golf Courses you should check out, which include:

Crescent Hill Golf Course
Iroquois Golf Course
Long Run Golf Course
Sun Valley Golf Course

Nevel Meade Golf Course

Another great public golf course option that is not affiliated with Louisville Parks and Recreation is Nevel Meade Golf Course. While the cost to play is slightly higher than the Louisville Metro Golf Courses, it is a gorgeous 18-hole course that has rolling terrain, a freshwater spring, and large heather grass areas. You can even take lessons from PGA Head Professional, Robert Costello!

Topgolf Louisville

If you’re looking for a fun way to work on your swing, you need to check out Topgolf! Topgolf is essentially a high-tech driving range where you can have parties, play games, and enjoy good food and drinks with friends and family. It is also a great option for when traditional golf courses close for the season or when the weather is less than ideal. Topgolf is open year-round and the hitting bays are climate-controlled for maximum comfort.

Private Golf Courses in Louisville, KY

If you’re looking for a more private golfing experience, there are several popular private golf courses in Louisville, KY. Private golf courses typically require you to be a member in order to play, but there are some exceptions where clubs will allow members to bring guests.

Valhalla Golf Club

As a result of hosting 4 PGA Championships since 1996, Valhalla is one of the most well-known private golf clubs in Louisville, KY. The course consists of over 500 acres. Its design features the work of all-time major Champion, Jack Nicklaus. It is a challenging course that any golf fan would be impressed by.

Woodhaven Country Club

Woodhaven Country Club is another option to choose from for those wanting a private golfing experience as it is a members only course. The course is 18-holes and challenges all skill levels. There is also the additional nine hole Par 3 golf course that is perfect for beginners and families who wish to golf together. Overall, Woodhaven has a solid course that Louisville golfers love.

Golf Injury Doctor in Louisville, KY

Whether you’re a beginner who is just starting out or a well-seasoned golfer, there is a course out there for everyone in Louisville no matter the age or skill level! However, it is important to keep in mind the risk of injury when partaking in a physical activity such as golf. If you start to experience symptoms of golfer’s elbow, lower back pain, or shoulder pain, you can always contact Orthopaedic Specialists’ board-certified orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Stacie Grossfeld!

If you or someone you love has suffered a golf injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified orthopedic surgeon Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

New Sports Coming to the 2028 Summer Olympics

Posted July 10, 2024 by Orthopaedic Specialists

As we all know, the 2024 Summer Olympics have officially begun in Paris, France. We are all excited for the matchups, but some of us are certainly looking forward to the 2028 Summer Olympics, which will be held in Los Angeles, CA! It will be exciting to watch an international stage set in the US. What’s more, it will be exciting to see the addition of sports that have deep ties to American culture.

This year, we see the comeback of 5 sports that saw their debut at the 2020 Summer Olympic games:

Breaking, or Breakdancing, which actually officially debuted at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games.
Skateboarding
Sport Climbing (including bouldering, speed climbing, and lead climbing)
Surfing
3×3 Basketball

However, there have been 5 additional sports that will be new(ish) to the docket in 2028 as well:

Flag Football

Flag football is a sport originating from Fort Meade, Maryland. During WWII, it allowed military personnel to play football without sustaining injuries. Now, the sport has been adopted by schools and organizations across the world. In it, two teams of 4-10 players with flags hanging from a belt play the normal rules of American football. The difference is that, instead of tackling, removing a flag will result in a down. It will be interesting to see how it debuts in 2028!

Squash

Originating from England, this sport evolved from the game of tennis. The premise of the sport is that a team consisting of doubles or singles players hits a hollow rubber ball off of the walls of a 4-walled court in a receive-and-return manner similar to tennis. There are out-of-bounds lines on the walls and specific boxes where players can serve. Players also cannot purposefully or accidentally obstruct the others’ movements. Approximately 20 million people across the world play the game of squash, so its debut is long-awaited!

Baseball and Softball

Baseball and softball are only relatively new to the Summer Olympics. They have been included in the Games in the past, even as recently as Tokyo 2020, but will not be a part of the 2024 Games. As far as the games go, the histories are rather murky. Baseball is the result of a long evolution from the game of ’rounders’ in England. In turn, softball is a variation of baseball originating from Chicago, Illinois on Thanksgiving Day in 1887.

Both games include teams of 9 players spread out across a field. These teams take turns batting and baserunning on offense and pitching/catching/fielding on defense in the field. The team switch after the offensive team gets 3 outs. An Olympic game consists of nine innings for baseball and seven innings for softball.

Cricket

Cricket is another game that has previously been played at the Olympics. However, the last time it was included in the Games was 1900, despite the earliest reference dating back to 1598. In regard to gameplay, Cricket is a predecessor to baseball and softball and therefore has a similar set up. It is played with two teams of 11 players on a field that contains a wicket at each end, which marks the player’s spot. A ball is ‘bowled’ from the bowler, and the striker tries to hit the ball before switching with a second teammate who stands at the wicker with them. Players are dismissed when a ball dislodges the strikers’ bails on the wicket or is caught before it hits the ground once stuck. Innings are over once 10 players have been dismissed.

Lacrosse

Finally, lacrosse has also featured in the Summer Olympics before, back in 1904 and 1908. It is the oldest organized sport in North America and originates from the indigenous people of North America. European colonists modified it into the sport we play today. There are several forms of lacrosse, but the 2028 version for both men and women will be ‘sixes.’ This version is compact and fast-paced; it is a combination of field and box lacrosse. Learn more about the sixes style from World Lacrosse!

Have a Sports Injury? Meet Dr. Stacie Grossfeld, Board-Certified Sports Medicine Physician in Louisville, KY

While some sports are safer than others, injuries happen all the time. Whether it be squash, lacrosse, baseball, football, pickleball, wrestling, cross country running, or otherwise, Orthopaedic Specialists is here to help. We specialize in sports injuries, and can help you recover to get you back on track to your passion.