• Broken Collarbone Treatment in Louisville, KY

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Broken Collarbone Pain

    Broken collarbones are one of the most common broken bones in adults and athletes. They are painful, and can make moving the arm very difficult. The collarbone, or the clavicle, is located just below the throat, extending out from the sternum between the ribs and the shoulder blade to connect them. It plays a key role in shoulder movement and stability. At Orthopaedic Specialists in Louisville, KY, we offer broken collarbone treatment for a speedy recovery to help you get back to your normal daily activities.

    How Does a Collarbone Break?

    Collarbones usually break after a direct impact to the shoulder or a fall onto an outstretched arm. Sports injuries, bicycle accidents, and car crashes are common causes. Even something as simple as slipping on ice can lead to a fracture.

    When the collarbone breaks, it often causes sudden, sharp pain. Many people also experience swelling, bruising, and a visible bump or deformity over the fracture site. In some cases, you may hear a crack or snap at the time of injury. Limited arm movement and shoulder stiffness are also typical, and many patients cannot raise their arm without pain.

    Diagnosing a Broken Collarbone

    At Orthopaedic Specialists, our doctors perform a thorough physical exam to check for deformities, swelling, and tenderness. We also assess your shoulder range of motion and strength. To confirm the diagnosis, we typically use imaging tests such as X-rays. In more complex cases, a CT scan may be recommended to get a detailed view of the fracture pattern.

    Non-Surgical Treatment Options

    Most broken collarbones heal well with non-surgical treatment. If the bones are not severely out of place, we may recommend:

    • Wearing a sling to keep the arm supported and reduce movement

    • Taking pain medications and using ice to manage swelling

    • Limiting physical activity for several weeks

    • Starting physical therapy to restore strength and mobility

    In children and teens, a broken collarbone usually heals within 6-8 weeks. However, in adults or in cases where multiple fractures occur, patients can expect recovery time to extend to up to 4 months. Physical therapy plays an important role in regaining full shoulder function after the bone has healed.

    When Surgery Is Necessary

    In some cases, surgery may be the best option for broken collarbone treatment. This is especially true if:

    • The broken bone ends are far apart or overlapping

    • The fracture involves multiple pieces (a comminuted fracture)

    • The bone has pierced the skin (an open fracture)

    • The injury affects nearby nerves or blood vessels

    During surgery, a surgeon re-aligns the broken bone and secures it with a plate and screws. This helps the collarbone heal in the correct position and allows for faster recovery in some cases. Physical therapy usually starts a few weeks after surgery to rebuild strength and flexibility.

    What to Expect During Recovery

    Whether your treatment is surgical or non-surgical, recovery from a broken collarbone takes time and patience. The first few days often involve pain and swelling, but this gradually improves with rest and medication. Your arm will be in a sling for several weeks, so it’s important to avoid lifting, pushing, or pulling during this time. Your doctor will guide you on when it’s safe to start gentle movements and exercises.

    Physical therapy is an essential part of recovery. PT works restore range of motion, strengthen shoulder muscles, and prevent stiffness. Most people return to normal activities within three to four months. Athletes and active individuals may need a longer recovery period before resuming sports or intense workouts.

    Why Choose Orthopaedic Specialists in Louisville, KY?

    A broken collarbone can make daily life difficult. Simple tasks like getting dressed, lifting objects, or even sleeping can become challenging. The sooner you begin treatment, the better your outcome will be. Our experienced staff provides compassionate, patient-focused care. We specialize in treating fractures and shoulder injuries, including broken collarbones.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a collarbone injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    5 Common Mistakes After Getting Knee Replacements

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Knee Replacements Recovery

    Knee replacement surgery is a common treatment method for injuries and severe arthritis cases alike. When the knee joint sustains too much damage, then sometimes the only way to reduce pain and regain mobility is to replace it. Knee replacements can last for more than 20 years, but there is a possibility that some people may need a correction preformed. However, if the knee is taken care of properly, then there is less of a chance of correction necessary.

    Proper care is important from day one. For such a major surgery as a total knee replacement, there is no rushing recovery. It is difficult to lose the ability to walk for a while, but recovery is one of the most important steps in making sure the surgery is successful. The most common mistakes that people make after getting a knee replacement are:

    1. Ignoring Your Body

    After surgery, it is normal to feel some pain, swelling, and inflammation. However, that is only true to a certain point. Check with your doctor if:

    • You experience continually worsening levels of pain,
    • You experience pain in a different part of your leg,
    • Your knee gets swollen and hot, which suggests a joint infection.

    Painkillers should help you through most of the anticipated aches and pains. If you are still feeling like your pain levels are unbearable, even with the medication, or you experience pain after a relatively pain-free period, that may be a sign that something is wrong. Paying attention to your body is one of the most important steps of recovery, because no one knows what you are feeling except for you.

    2. Not Having a Support System

    Not having a functional leg as you heal can make daily activities quite difficult. Having a support system to help you stay off your feet as your knee recuperates lessens the risk of injury as you move around. Having people around throughout the recovery process is also good for physical therapy exercises that you may need a hand with and tasks like getting in and out of a bathtub, bed, or stairs if necessary. These are all activities that you cannot cut out completely from your life, but raise the risk of injury if you attempt them by yourself.

    3. Rushing Back Into Activities

    We get it: there is only so much time you can spent recuperating before you get restless. However, rushing back into your activities will only make things worse. Don’t reintroduce any high-impact sports or strenuous activity until you are cleared by a doctor. Even small things, like driving or going to work, need a slow and gradual return. Be patient with your body!

    4. Coddling Your Injury

    In contrast to taking things too fast, you also should not be coddling knee replacements. You may find yourself wanting to protect your knee by limiting movement or staying off your feet after your doctor says that you’re cleared to move around more. However, underuse can be just as dangerous as overuse and can lead to stiffness, lack of motion, and potential reinjury. The muscles and tendons around your injury will need to be rehabilitated after a period of disuse. Taking part in your physical therapy and slowly integrating daily activities back into your routine are much better ways to protect your knee than to not use it at all.

    5. Skipping Steps in Your Post-Operation Plan

    You should have a comprehensive post-op plan to follow that gives you an efficient and effective road to recovery. These plans usually include wound care, medications, physical therapy, check-ups, proper mobility assistance devices, and other important steps to get you back to a better form. Skipping out on any of these plans can end with potential reinjury or a longer recovery. Don’t stop using mobility assistance devices or medications until your doctor clears you, even if you think you start to feel good enough not to need them. It is always better to be safe than sorry!

    Having Knee Pain? Schedule and Appointment with Dr. Grossfeld!

    Knee replacements require major consideration and a lot of consultation from a qualified doctor. There are pros and cons to the surgery, and a lot of factors that influence the decision. There are plenty of cases that do not need to end in surgery.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a knee injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Common Types of Hand Arthritis

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Hand arthritis is a common condition that affects millions of people. The condition can cause pain, stiffness, and difficulty performing everyday activities that require movement in the hands. However, there are several types of hand arthritis, each with different causes and treatment options. Understanding the types of hand arthritis can help individuals find the best and most effective way to manage their condition. Every case is unique, but finding the origins of your pain is the first step towards treatment!

    Types of Hand Arthritis

    1. Osteoarthritis (OA)

    Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of hand arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints breaks down, which leads to pain, swelling, and limited mobility. OA is usually associated with age, but it can also occur due to genetics, previous injuries, or harsh, repetitive movements. In the early stages of OA, individuals may experience mild pain and stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity. As the condition progresses, there is a larger risk of joint deformities, swelling, and reduced range of motion.

    Treatment for OA often focuses on relieving symptoms and maintaining joint function. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), splints, and physical therapy can help manage pain and improve mobility. In more advanced cases, surgery, such as joint replacement or fusion, may be recommended.

    2. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

    Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, causing inflammation and damage in the joints. RA can affect both hands symmetrically, meaning it typically impacts the same joints on both sides of the body. RA commonly affects the wrist, knuckles, and the middle joints of the fingers and, if left untreated, can lead to joint deformities. The inflammation in RA can also affect the tendons and ligaments around the joints, which limits mobility and function even further.

    Early diagnosis and treatment are key in managing RA. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, and corticosteroid injections can help slow the progression of RA and reduce inflammation. Physical therapy is often recommended to maintain strength and mobility in the affected joints.

    3. Post-Traumatic Arthritis

    Post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) develops after an injury, such as a fracture or dislocation, damages the cartilage in the hand. Even if the injury heals properly, the cartilage may break down over time and result in joint pain and stiffness. Post-traumatic arthritis can develop years after the initial injury, especially if the trauma was severe or involved multiple fractures.

    Symptoms of PTA include pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion in the affected joint. Treatment often involves managing pain with NSAIDs, using splints or braces to provide support, and engaging in physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair damaged joints or replace them entirely.

    4. Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)

    Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is another autoimmune disease that affects the joints and is associated with the skin condition psoriasis. Psoriasis causes red, scaly patches to form on the skin, and individuals with PsA often experience joint pain and swelling in the hands, along with these skin patches. The hands may be affected by swelling, tenderness, and deformities in the fingers. PsA can also cause a condition known as dactylitis, which is characterized by swelling of the entire finger or toe.

    The exact cause of PsA is unclear, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment for PsA involves medications that control inflammation, such as NSAIDs, DMARDs, and biologics. Corticosteroid injections may also provide relief in certain cases.

    5. Gout

    Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, which can form crystals that deposit in the joints. While gout most commonly affects the big toe, it can also affect the fingers and hands, causing sudden, intense pain, redness, and swelling. Gout attacks can happen unpredictably and may last for several days.

    Risk factors for gout include obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet high in purines, which are found in red meat, shellfish, and alcohol. Treatment for gout includes medications to reduce pain and inflammation, such as NSAIDs, colchicine, or corticosteroids. Additionally, medications that lower uric acid levels, such as allopurinol, can help prevent future attacks.

    If you or someone you love suffers from arthritis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Tips for How to Prevent Ankle Sprains

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Tips to Prevent Ankle Sprains Sports

    Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries both athletes and non-athletes can get. They can cause mild to severe pain, and can disrupt your ability to move normally. You are much more likely to sprain your ankle if you have had a prior ankle injury or participate in sports/ankle-intensive activities. Fortunately, there are several ways to prevent ankle sprains and reduce your risk of injury or re-injury.

    Understand the Causes of Ankle Sprains

    Before you can prevent ankle sprains, it’s important to understand what causes them. Ankle sprains typically occur when the ligaments that stabilize the ankle are stretched or torn. This often happens during physical activities like running, jumping, or sudden changes in direction. Uneven surfaces, improper footwear, and weak muscles can also increase the risk of spraining an ankle.

    How to Prevent Ankle Sprains

    1. Strengthen Your Ankles with Exercises

    One of the best ways to prevent ankle sprains is to strengthen the muscles around your ankle joint. Strong muscles provide better support and stability, which reduces your chances of injury. Strengthening the muscles around the ankle after an injury is one of the most critical steps to recovery, as stability is at its lowest.

    2. Improve Your Balance and Coordination

    Balance plays a key role in preventing ankle sprains. When your balance is off, you are more likely to twist or roll your ankle. Improving your coordination helps you respond to uneven surfaces and sudden movements.

    3. Wear Proper Footwear

    Wearing the right shoes is essential when trying to prevent ankle sprains. Shoes that provide good support and cushioning help protect your ankles from stress. Avoid shoes that are too loose, too tight, or have inadequate arch support. When participating in sports, choose footwear that is designed for the activity. For example, running shoes offer support for forward motion, while basketball shoes provide ankle support for lateral movements. If you’re hiking or walking on uneven terrain, invest in shoes with good grip and ankle support.

    4. Warm Up Before Physical Activity

    Proper warm-up exercises are crucial to prevent ankle sprains. Warming up prepares your muscles and joints for physical activity and increases your range of motion. This reduces the likelihood of sudden movements that could strain your ankle ligaments. Spend 5-10 minutes performing dynamic stretches and light aerobic exercises before you engage in sports or intense physical activity. Focus on warming up your legs, ankles, and feet to ensure they are flexible and ready for action.

    5. Focus on Flexibility

    Maintaining flexibility in your ankles can help prevent sprains. Tight muscles and tendons are more likely to cause injuries. Incorporate ankle stretches into your daily routine. Stretching your calf muscles, Achilles tendon, and the muscles surrounding your ankle can improve flexibility and range of motion. Try simple stretches, such as calf raises or ankle circles, to keep your ankles flexible and mobile. Stretching after exercise can also help prevent stiffness and reduce the risk of injury.

    6. Consider Ankle Braces for Extra Support

    If you’re prone to ankle sprains or have a history of ankle injuries, consider wearing an ankle brace. Ankle braces provide added support and stability, particularly during high-risk activities like sports or running on uneven surfaces. They help prevent excessive ankle movement and reduce the chances of a sprain.

    7. Don’t Ignore Pain or Discomfort

    If you experience any pain or discomfort in your ankle, it’s important to listen to your body. Pushing through pain can lead to more serious injuries. If you feel any tightness or discomfort during physical activity, stop and assess the situation. Stretch or rest your ankle if needed. If pain persists, consult with an orthopedic specialist to determine the cause and prevent further injury.

    Having Ankle Pain? Call Dr. Grossfeld.

    Preventing ankle sprains is possible with the right precautions and lifestyle changes. By following these tips and listening to your body, you can enjoy physical activities without worrying about ankle sprains. Prevention is always better than treatment, so take the necessary steps today to protect your ankles regardless of what you do.

    If you or someone you love has suffered an ankle injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Best Sports for Knee Osteoarthritis

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Lap Swimming

    Arthritis can make it difficult and painful to carry out daily physical actions. That is why exercising or playing sports with knee arthritis can seem impossible or, at the very least, unappealing. However, exercise keeps our bodies and our brains in the best shape, and can prevent other health issues from arising. Playing sports is great form of exercise, and can also be a way to be a part of a community and socialize. If arthritis pain is keeping you from exercising or making it difficult to keep up with any of your current active hobbies, then it is important to consider altering your activities. There are several low-impact sports for knee osteoarthritis to explore, even if you do not have previous experience with it.

    Best Sports for Knee Osteoarthritis

    Swimming and Water Aerobics

    Swimming is one of the best sports for knee osteoarthritis. The buoyancy of the water helps support your body and reduces the stress on your joints. Water aerobics classes can be especially effective for improving flexibility and balance. These classes typically involve low-impact exercises that focus on strengthening the legs, core, and upper body, all while minimizing knee pain. Whether you prefer to swim laps or participate in water aerobics, both provide an excellent cardiovascular workout while being gentle on the knees. The water’s resistance also helps strengthen muscles without harsh impact or further strain.

    Pickleball

    Pickleball is an increasingly popular sport that’s easy on the knees. This fast-paced game combines elements of tennis, badminton, and ping pong. While it involves some lateral movement and light running, the court size is smaller, and the game doesn’t require intense pivoting or sudden changes of direction. Pickleball provides a fun, low-impact way to stay active. This is a great sport for knee arthritis because it is gentle on the knees and, because it’s typically played in doubles, offers a chance to socialize and build community.

    Yoga, Tai Chi, and Pilates

    Yoga, Tai Chi, and pilates are excellent low-impact activities for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. These exercises focus on improving flexibility, strength, and balance. Many poses and movements can be modified to reduce strain on the knees without eliminating the benefits. Yoga encourages gentle stretching and helps improve range of motion, which can reduce stiffness in the knee joint. Tai Chi is a slow-moving martial art that emphasizes controlled movements and balance. It can help improve joint mobility and reduce pain. Pilates focuses on core strength, flexibility, and alignment, all of which are crucial for maintaining knee health. All three activities also offer mental benefits, such as stress relief and improved focus, which can help you manage chronic pain better.

    Elliptical

    The elliptical machine offers a practical and low-impact cardio workout that mimics running without the jarring impact on your knees. It provides a smooth, gliding motion, which reduces stress on the joints. Many ellipticals also come with adjustable resistance and incline, allowing you to modify the intensity of your workout based on your fitness level. Using the elliptical machine helps to improve cardiovascular health, burn calories, and strengthen muscles in the legs and core—all without putting undue pressure on the knees. This makes it an excellent choice for those with knee osteoarthritis who still want to maintain an active lifestyle. They are available in most gyms, and can even be easily bought for your home, so it is a convenient exercise option as well.

    E-Biking or Machine Cycling

    E-biking and machine cycling are two fantastic alternatives for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Both activities provide a low-impact way to get a great cardiovascular workout. The benefit of using an electric bike (e-bike) is that it assists with pedaling so that your knees and joints do not have as much strain put on them, especially when going uphill or navigating challenging terrain. If you prefer indoor exercise, stationary cycling machines are also great for knee osteoarthritis. They allow you to adjust the resistance level to match your abilities and prevent knee overuse. Whether outdoors or indoors, cycling can help improve joint mobility and muscle strength while being easy on your knees.

    Contact Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists for Knee Arthritis Treatment

    Living with knee osteoarthritis doesn’t mean you have to give up on being active. While the pain of arthritis can make some sports feel intimidating, there are many low-impact options that can help you stay fit and healthy. However, if the pain reaches unbearable levels, there are arthritis treatments available. Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists in Louisville, KY has years of experience treating knee osteoarthritis. Contact us to learn about your treatment options today.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a knee injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

     

    Hand Arthritis Treatment in Louisville, KY

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Hand Arthritis

    Hand arthritis can significantly impact your ability to perform daily tasks and enjoy your favorite activities. The pain, stiffness, and limited mobility associated with this condition can be debilitating. However, seeking the right hand arthritis treatment can help you regain control over your body and improve your quality of life.

    Symptoms of Hand Arthritis

    Hand arthritis symptoms can vary depending on severity and the type of arthritis. However, some common symptoms can help identify the condition early and seek treatment before it worsens. Seek out a specialists if experience any of the following symptoms to a debilitating degree or for an extended period of time:

    1. Pain and Tenderness: Pain is often felt in the joints of the hands, especially after repetitive movements. The pain can range from mild to severe and may worsen with physical activity.

    2. Stiffness: Stiffness in the hands is common, particularly after resting or in the morning. This stiffness can make it difficult to open jars, grip objects, or perform simple tasks like buttoning a shirt or tying your shoes.

    3. Swelling: Swelling in the hands or fingers can occur, particularly around the joints. This can lead to discomfort and restricted movement.

    4. Decreased Range of Motion: Over time, the range of motion in the affected hand joints can become limited. This can impact your ability to carry out everyday tasks and may make it difficult to fully straighten or bend your fingers.

    5. Formation of Bumps or Deformities: In advanced cases, bone spurs may develop around the joints, leading to the formation of lumps or visible deformities. These can make the hands look misshapen or swollen.

    6. Grinding Sensation: You may experience a sensation of grinding or crunching in your fingers or hands as the cartilage breaks down in the affected joints.

    Hand Arthritis Treatment in Louisville, KY

    Hand arthritis can be a debilitating condition to live with. Our hands play such a large role in our lives, and without full movement, we may feel helpless. Activities that require a steady hand or precise movements become much more difficult. Hobbies that we once enjoyed become painful. However, with modern medicine, there are ways to treat this condition. Perhaps a cure is still on its way to being found, but pain management methods have proven to be effective with certain types of arthritis. Dr. Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists has years of experience providing hand arthritis treatment in Louisville, KY from mild to sever cases. Some treatments include:

    1. Medications

    The first line of treatment for hand arthritis often involves medications to help reduce pain and inflammation. Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers like ibuprofen and acetaminophen can help manage mild to moderate pain. In cases of more severe inflammation, prescription medications, such as corticosteroids, or disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis may be utilized.

    2. Physical and Occupational Therapy

    Physical and occupational therapy can play a critical role in improving hand function. A physical therapist can help strengthen the muscles around the joints and improve flexibility, while an occupational therapist can teach you techniques to perform daily tasks more easily and reduce stress on the affected joints. Splints and custom braces may also be used to protect your hands and prevent further damage.

    3. Injections

    Corticosteroid injections can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation. These injections are typically administered directly into the affected joint. While they can be highly effective, they are not a long-term solution and may be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

    4. Surgery

    If conservative treatments fail to alleviate the symptoms, surgery may be necessary. There are different surgical options available depending on the severity of the arthritis and the specific joints involved:

    • Joint Fusion: This procedure involves fusing two bones together to eliminate movement and relieve pain in the affected joint. It is most commonly used for severe cases of osteoarthritis.

    • Joint Replacement: In cases where the joint is severely damaged, a joint replacement may be recommended. The damaged joint is replaced with a prosthetic joint, helping restore function and alleviate pain.

    5. Lifestyle Modifications

    Making certain lifestyle changes can also help manage arthritis symptoms. These may include maintaining a healthy weight, which reduces stress on the joints, and avoiding repetitive hand movements that may aggravate the condition. Regular low-impact exercise can improve flexibility and strengthen muscles to support the affected joints.

    6. Alternative Therapies

    Alternative treatments such as acupuncture, massage, or the use of hot or cold therapy may provide additional relief for some individuals with hand arthritis. Consult with your doctor before pursuing these therapies to ensure they are safe and effective for your specific condition.

    If you or someone you love suffers from hand arthritis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Understanding Lumbar Disc Herniation: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Lumbar Disc Herniation Back Pain

    A lumbar disc herniation occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through its outer layer, irritating nearby nerves. This condition commonly affects the lower back and can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the legs. It is one of the most frequent causes of lower back pain and sciatica, affecting people of all ages but more commonly seen in adults between 30 and 50 years old.

    Causes and Risk Factors

    Lumbar disc herniation is often caused by age-related disc degeneration, where the spinal discs lose water content and become less flexible, making them more prone to tearing or rupturing. Other contributing factors include:

    • Repetitive heavy lifting or improper lifting techniques
    • Obesity, which puts additional stress on the lower spine
    • Sedentary lifestyle, leading to weak core muscles and poor spinal support
    • Smoking, which can reduce blood flow to spinal discs and hinder healing
    • Trauma or sudden movements, such as twisting or bending awkwardly

    Symptoms of Lumbar Disc Herniation

    Symptoms vary depending on the severity and location of the herniation. Common signs include:

    • Lower back pain that worsens with movement or prolonged sitting
    • Sciatica, a sharp or burning pain that radiates down the leg, often following the path of the sciatic nerve
    • Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
    • Muscle weakness, making it difficult to walk or perform daily activities
    • Pain relief when lying down, as this reduces pressure on the affected nerve

    Diagnosis and Conservative Treatment

    A proper diagnosis is made through a physical examination, medical history review, and imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. Most cases improve with conservative treatments, including:

    • Rest and activity modification to reduce strain on the spine
    • Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and swelling
    • Physical therapy, focusing on strengthening core and back muscles
    • Heat and ice therapy to manage discomfort
    • Epidural steroid injections, which may help reduce inflammation and pain in more persistent cases

    Surgical Treatment Options

    If conservative treatments fail after several weeks or symptoms worsen, surgery may be recommended. The most common procedure is microdiscectomy, a minimally invasive surgery that removes the herniated portion of the disc to relieve nerve pressure. This procedure has a high success rate and typically allows for a faster recovery compared to more invasive spinal surgeries.

    Lifestyle Modifications for Prevention

    To reduce the risk of lumbar disc herniation or prevent recurrence, consider the following:

    • Practice proper posture while sitting, standing, and lifting
    • Exercise regularly to maintain strong core and back muscles
    • Maintain a healthy weight to minimize stress on the spine
    • Avoid prolonged sitting or take breaks to move and stretch
    • Quit smoking to improve spinal disc health

    By taking proactive steps, many individuals can effectively manage lumbar disc herniation and maintain a healthy, active lifestyle.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a back injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    An Overview of Ankle Sprain Grades

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    When someone says that they have an ankle sprain, it can bring to mind several things. An ankle with minor swelling, a brace, a boot, maybe even crutches. The term is so broad that an ‘ankle sprain’ can be any and all of these things. That’s why the injury can be further classified into ankle sprain grades running from 1-3. However, several people refer to the grades as mild, moderate, and several ankle sprains.

    What is an Ankle Sprain?

    Ankle sprains involve a stretching or tearing injury to the ligaments of the ankle. Ligaments are strong band of connective tissue that connects the end of one bone with another to stabilize and support the body’s joints. A sprain can also be a stretched or torn joint capsule, which is a dense, fibrous connective tissue that is attached to the bones in a joint that seals the joint space.

    How badly the ligaments or joint capsule are stretched or torn are what makes the ankle sprain grades different:

    Grade 1 Ankle Sprain / Mild Ankle Sprain

    Grade 1, or mild ankle sprains, occur with only a few ligament fibers in the ankle tear, or no tearing occurs and the ligaments are simply overstretched. No permanent damage is sustained, and the patient should still retain full weight-bearing and walking abilities. Mild ankle sprains will result in little to no pain, and will fully heal within a week or two. Patients with a mild sprain can treat their injury with over-the-counter pain medication and the R.I.C.E. method.

    Grade 2 Ankle Sprain / Moderate Ankle Sprain

    Grade 2, or moderate ankle sprains, result from more serious, yet still partial tearing of ankle ligaments. Patients with a grade 2 ankle sprain may experience bruising, tenderness, and swelling in the ankle. A moderate ankle sprain may affect weight-bearing abilities that result in a limp. With proper rest and rehabilitation, grade 2 sprains normally heal fully within 3-5 weeks. Treatment for moderate ankle sprains can include:

    • Over-the-counter pain medication
    • The R.I.C.E. method
    • Physical therapy
    • Balance exercises
    • Taping or bracing the ankle while recovery is in process

    Grade 3 Ankle Sprain / Severe Ankle Sprain

    Grade 3, or severe ankle sprains, occur when there is a complete rupture of one or more ligaments. This grade can result in substantial bruising, tenderness, and swelling, and enough pain that patients may experience a total loss of mobility or weight-bearing ability. The ankle will likely need to be supported with a brace, boot, or crutches. Serious cases may require surgery to repair the tissue. With proper exercises and recovery, severe ankle sprains commonly take 6-8 weeks to heal.

    Because of the longer recovery period, severe ankle sprains need more specific treatment. So that the ligaments heal in a natural position, daily stretching and balance exercises should be a priority. Patients should remain off of their ankle until they have their doctor’s permission, and physical therapy should be a part of the healing process, especially if the injury results in surgery.

    After An Ankle Sprain

    One of the most important parts of recovering from an ankle sprain is following up with your treatment. Because the ligaments are at risk of healing in a stretched-out or unnatural way, completing physical therapy, balancing exercises, stretches, and staying off of the injury are crucial to recovery. The ligaments weaken once they are injured, which makes reinjury much more probable if steps are not taken to restrengthen them.

    Need an Orthopaedic Doctor for Your Ankle Injury?

    If you or someone you love has suffered an ankle injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Louisville KY Knee Arthritis Treatment

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Knee Arthritis Treatment

    Arthritis can affect any joint in the body. However, some joints are more at risk than others due to how much stress they take. Since the knees are are both large joints and used frequently, they are vulnerable to several different forms of arthritis. Although there is no cure for arthritis, there are pain management methods and other medical treatments available. If you are looking for Louisville KY knee arthritis treatment, then Orthopaedic Specialists has you covered!

    Understanding Knee Arthritis

    The two most common forms of arthritis in the knees are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can cause a lot of pain and discomfort, but they have different underlying causes.

    Osteoarthritis is the most common form of knee arthritis. It develops slowly over time, with the cartilage in the knee wearing down due to repeated use and age. This results in bones rubbing together, causing pain and stiffness. Individuals with osteoarthritis may experience symptoms that worsen with activity or weather changes.

    Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system attacks healthy joints. This causes inflammation, leading to pain and swelling in the knee joints. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect both knees simultaneously, and it may cause deformities in advanced stages.

    Both conditions can make everyday tasks like walking, climbing stairs, and standing up from a chair extremely challenging. Fortunately, treatments are available to help manage pain, improve function, and prevent further damage to the knee joint.

    Signs and Symptoms of Knee Arthritis

    If you are experiencing knee arthritis, you may notice one or more of the following symptoms:

    • Pain in the knee during movement or after prolonged activity.
    • Stiffness that makes it difficult to bend or straighten the knee.
    • Swelling or warmth around the knee joint.
    • Decreased range of motion that limits the ability to fully straighten or bend the knee.
    • Crackling or popping sounds (crepitus) when moving the knee.
    • Difficulty walking or feeling unstable on your feet.

    These symptoms can vary in severity depending on the type of arthritis and how far the condition has progressed.

    Louisville KY Knee Arthritis Treatment Options

    When it comes to knee arthritis treatment, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Treatment plans depend on factors like the severity of the condition, the type of arthritis, and the patient’s overall health. However, several options can help manage pain and improve knee function.

    1. Minimally-Invasive Treatments

    For many patients, conservative treatments provide significant relief from knee arthritis symptoms. These treatments are often non-invasive and can include:

    • Physical Therapy: Physical therapy helps strengthen the muscles around the knee joint, improving stability and reducing pressure on the joint. A physical therapist can also teach exercises that increase flexibility and reduce pain.
    • Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Topical creams and gels may also provide localized relief.
    • Knee Braces and Supports: Wearing a knee brace can help support the joint and alleviate pressure, improving stability and comfort during physical activities.
    • Corticosteroid Injections: Injecting corticosteroids into the knee joint can help reduce inflammation and provide temporary pain relief. This treatment is particularly effective for rheumatoid arthritis.
    • Lifestyle Changes: Mild arthritis can be helped by meeting with specialists for lifestyle habits like a non-inflammatory diet and safe or alternate exercises that protect the knees.

    2. Surgical Options

    For patients with severe knee arthritis that doesn’t respond to other treatments, surgery may be necessary. Common surgical options include:

    • Arthroscopy: In some cases, knee arthroscopy can be performed to remove damaged tissue or cartilage fragments from the joint. This minimally-invasive surgery can relieve pain and improve knee function.
    • Knee Osteotomy: This procedure involves reshaping the bones around the knee to realign the joint. It is typically recommended for patients with early-stage arthritis who have damage on one side of the knee.
    • Partial Knee Replacement: In cases where arthritis affects only part of the knee, a partial knee replacement may be performed. This involves removing the damaged portion of the knee and replacing it with a prosthesis.
    • Total Knee Replacement: For individuals with advanced knee arthritis, a total knee replacement may be the most effective treatment. The entire knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint made of metal and plastic components.

    Finding the Right Treatment for You

    If you are dealing with knee arthritis, it’s essential to consult with a specialist who can assess your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment options. At Orthopaedic Specialists in Louisville, KY, we offer comprehensive knee arthritis treatment to help you manage your symptoms and regain your mobility. If you are searching for Louisville KY knee arthritis treatment, schedule a consultation with us today.

    If you or someone you love suffers from knee arthritis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Should I Use Ice or Heat for an Ankle Sprain?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Ice pack on ankle sprain

    An ankle sprain is a common, yet painful and inconvenient injury. Most ankle sprains are minor, and can be treated at home. But, should you reach for the ice pack or wrap your ankle in a warm compress? While both ice and heat can offer relief, they serve different purposes and should be used at different stages of the healing process.

    Understanding Ankle Sprains

    An ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments that connect the bones in your ankle are stretched or torn. Usually, this is a result of an unexpected twist, turn, or impact. That’s why those in high-impact sports or hobbies tend to get sprained ankles the most. Symptoms include:

    • Swelling
    • Bruising
    • Pain
    • Difficulty bearing weight on the affected foot

    It might be tempting to brush off the injury, but rehabilitation and prevention steps will strengthen your body and mitigate the likelihood of reinjury. Treatment will also reduce any minor symptoms and make the recovery process shorter. The application of ice and heat is one part of the treatment plan, but understanding when to use each is key. The golden rule for treating a sprain in the first 48 hours is to ice first, then heat later.

    When to Use Ice for an Ankle Sprain:

    Ice is the most effective treatment for managing an acute ankle sprain because it helps control inflammation and numb the pain. When you first injure your ankle, the body’s natural response is to send blood to the affected area to promote healing. This increase in blood flow leads to swelling, bruising, and pain. Applying ice immediately helps to constrict blood vessels. In turn, this reduces the amount of fluid that leaks into the tissues around the injury. Icing the injury limits swelling and helps to prevent excessive inflammation, which can prolong the healing process.

    When to Use Heat for an Ankle Sprain:

    Heat is most effective when used to increase blood flow to the area, which helps deliver oxygen and nutrients that promote healing. It helps relieve muscle tightness and soreness, which can develop as a result of the injury. When it comes to ankle sprains, heat therapy is typically recommended after the first 48 hours, when the initial swelling has gone down. Applying heat before that time can increase blood flow, which might increase inflammation.

    Should You Use Both Ice and Heat?

    In many cases, using both ice and heat at different stages of healing can be beneficial. The general guideline is to start with ice to manage inflammation and swelling during first 48 hours, and then transition to heat once the swelling has gone down. Some patients may even alternate between ice and heat after the first few days for optimal results.

    Other Treatments for Ankle Sprains

    While ice and heat are important for managing an ankle sprain, there are additional treatments that can aid in your recovery:

    • Rest and Elevation: Resting your ankle and keeping it elevated helps reduce swelling and prevents further injury.
    • Compression: Wrapping the ankle with an elastic bandage can provide support and reduce swelling.
    • Medication: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and swelling.
    • Physical Therapy Exercises: Strengthening the muscles, tendons, and ligaments of and around the injury helps to rebuild stability and prevent reinjury.

    Ankle Sprain Treatment from Louisville Sports Medicine Doctor, Dr. Stacie Grossfeld

    Although ankle sprains are common and usually minor injuries, they can worsen if not treated with care. Consult a doctor if:

    1. You are still experiencing pain or other symptoms months after the injury.
    2. You are unsure about which treatment is best for your specific injury.
    3. Your symptoms worsen.

    With the help of a doctor, getting you back on your feet and back to your active lifestyle can be easier. Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists has plenty of experience helping athletes and others recover from injuries like ankle sprains.

    If you or someone you love has suffered an ankle sprain injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.