• Can You Cure Osteoarthritis VS Osteoporosis?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Osteoarthritis vs osteoporosis

    Key Takeaways:

    • Osteoarthritis is an active, or progressive, disease that gets worse with time and cannot be cured.
    • Osteoporosis is a curable disease.
    • To treat osteoporosis, patients will use a combination of additional vitamins, weight-bearing exercises, and prescription medication in some cases.

    Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are two conditions that patients may get mixed-up about. Both are having to do with the bones, as denoted by the shared “osteo-” prefix. However, these conditions are very different from each other. One of the biggest differences is that one is curable, and one is not.

    Progressive vs Non-Progressive Conditions

    When a condition is progressive, it means that you cannot reverse or cure it. Osteoarthritis, which is when the cartilage around the joints and ends of bones wears away, is one of these conditions. Because it cannot be reversed, treatment focuses on slowing the progression of the condition and managing symptoms instead of eliminating them altogether.

    On the other hand, non-progressive conditions are reversable. Osteoporosis, or the softening of the bones, is an example of a non-progressive condition, despite the fact that the symptoms can worsen if the condition is left untreated.

    What are the Symptoms, Treatments, and Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis?

    Osteoarthritis usually presents symptoms in the knees, hips, hands, and spine. These can include:

    • Joint pain that worsens with activity
    • Stiffness (especially in the morning or after inactivity)
    • Swelling around the joint
    • Reduced flexibility and range of motion
    • Grinding or clicking sensation
    • Bone spurs in advanced stages

    Since it is a progressive disease, treatment focuses on managing symptoms, not curing osteoarthritis. Most of these methods are non-medicinal lifestyle changes like losing weight, implementing weight-bearing exercises into your routine, and monitoring your diet for inflammatory trigger foods.

    Factors that increase the risk of osteoarthritis are:

    • Age
    • Hormonal shifts like menopause
    • Obesity
    • Joint Injuries
    • Genetics
    • Repeated joint stress
    • Sex assigned at birth

    What are the Symptoms, Treatments, and Risk Factors for Osteoporosis?

    Osteoporosis is a silent disease, meaning that it doesn’t show many symptoms. In the case of osteoporosis, many people don’t know that they have the condition until they experience a break or fracture due to brittle bones, most commonly in the hips, wrist, or spine. However, other symptoms may include:

    • Back pain
    • Loss of height
    • Stooped posture, also known as kyphosis

    Treatment of osteoporosis focuses on strengthening bones, muscles, and slowing bone loss. Focusing on a diet rich in vitamin D and calcium, as well as implementing weight-bearing exercises, strength training, and balance training to reduce fall risks into routines are common treatments. Medication could be used in some cases. Regular DEXA scans, or bone density tests, are usually also recommended to track progress and risk.

    Factors that increase the risk of osteoporosis are (Northwell Phelps Hospital):

    • Age
    • Sex assigned at birth
    • Genetics
    • Hormonal shifts like menopause
    • Ethnicity (White or Asian Descent)
    • Smoking
    • Alcohol use
    • Sedentary lifestyle
    • Pre-existing medical conditions

    If you or someone you love suffers from a bone-related condition like osteoarthritis or osteoporosis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Disc Herniation vs Lumbar Stenosis

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Disc herniation Model

    Key Takeaways:

    • Identifying both where pain originates from and where it is spreading to can help diagnose underlying conditions.
    • If more than 50% of pain is felt going down the leg, disc herniation may be the cause.
    • If more than 50% of pain is felt in the lower back, lumbar stenosis may be the cause.

    Pain from injuries or conditions are sometimes local to one area of the body. However, sometimes it can also spread to connected limbs, especially if the pain originates in the back. Being able to identify those extraneous pain spots can help to diagnose the underlying condition. A good example of this is disc herniation vs lumbar stenosis.

    Both of these conditions can cause pain in the lower back and/or legs. But, as a general rule, if more than 50% of pain is felt going down the leg, it’s more likely to be disc herniation. If more than 50% of the pain remains localized to the lower back, it’s more likely to be lumbar stenosis.

    Overview of Disc Herniation

    Disc herniation can also be known as a slipped disc, ruptured disc, or bulging disc. It is characterized by one or more of the discs that exist between spinal vertebrae bulging out and pressing on the spinal nerves, which causes pain.

    Causes of disc herniation: A herniated disc can be caused by several factors. Unfortunately, not all of them are preventable. Age, genetics, lifestyle factors such as obesity and smoking, and repetitive overuse can all contribute to disc herniation (Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center).

    Symptoms of disc herniation: Lower back disc herniation, or lumbar herniation, symptoms include nerve pain in your leg, also known as sciatica, numbness, tingling, or weakness

    Treatment of disc herniation: Usually, conservative treatment like lifestyle changes, bed rest, heat, and over-the-counter pain medications can make a big difference. If the pain is insistent or limits your ability to complete day-to-day activities after trying conservative treatments, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, or prescription pain medication may be implemented. Surgical treatments are rare and only a last resort (Harvard Health Publishing).

    Other Possible Conditions That Cause Leg Pain

    The sciatic nerve runs from the spine down the legs, which is why some back issues translate to leg pain. Disc herniation isn’t the only condition that can cause sciatic pain, though. Other common reasons that you may feel pain along your sciatic nerve are:

    • Cauda equina
    • Degenerative disk disease
    • Foraminal stenosis
    • Osteoarthritis
    • Pregnancy
    • Tumors, cysts or other growths

    Overview of Lumbar Stenosis

    Lumbar stenosis is a more specific diagnosis of the condition spinal stenosis, which can affect several different parts of your spine, not only the lumbar region. It is characterized by the narrowing of space within your spine, which puts pressure on the spinal cord and spinal nerves.

    Causes of lumbar stenosis: Osteoarthritis is the #1 cause of lumbar stenosis. However, age, genetics, prior injury or surgery, tumors, preexisting health conditions and diseases, and other forms of arthritis can contribute to risk (Harvard Health Publishing).

    Symptoms of lumbar stenosis: Lumbar stenosis can cause back pain and sciatica pain, but most of the pain is felt in the back. Other symptoms include numbing, tingling, cramping in the back and legs, foot drop, and erectile dysfunction (John Hopkins Medicine).

    Treatment of lumbar stenosis: Except in emergencies, most cases of lumbar stenosis do not result in surgery. Lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and medicines like NSAIDS or steroid injections are more common treatments.

    Other Possible Conditions That Cause Lower Back Pain

    • Pregnancy
    • Spondylolisthesis
    • Facet Arthritis
    • Annular tear

    FAQs about Disc Herniation

    1. How long does it take to recover from disc herniation? Recovery time depends on the severity of the herniation, but most cases resolve between 6-12 weeks.
    2. When do I need to see a doctor for disc herniation? You should see a doctor right away if you experience loss of bladder or bowel control, numbness in the groin, an inability to walk, or extreme weakness in the legs.
    3. Can I exercise with a herniated disc? Yes, but gentle exercises that strength your core and posture will be the best for long-term pain management. Exercises that involve heavy lifting, deep bending, extreme torquing of the back, or spinal impact can make pain worse and should be avoided.

    If you or someone you love suffers from nerve pain in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Reverse Shoulder Replacement vs Shoulder Replacement

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Reverse Shoulder Replacement Surgery vs Traditional Shoulder Replacement Surgery

    Key Takeaways:

    • Traditional shoulder replacement surgery is done for patients with shoulder arthritis who have an intact rotator cuff.
    • Reverse shoulder replacement surgery is done for patients with shoulder arthritis who do not have an intact rotator cuff.
    • In a shoulder replacement surgery, the glenoid sphere is connected directly to the humeral shaft whereas in a reverse shoulder replacement, the glenoid sphere is connected to a glenoid, and then the humeral shaft.

    Reverse shoulder replacement and traditional shoulder replacement offer shoulder pain relief for many patients. In fact, more than 100,000 people in the United States choose shoulder replacement surgery each year (Yale Medicine).

    Shoulder pain often starts when arthritis damages joint cartilage or when the rotator cuff weakens. The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint that depends on smooth cartilage and strong muscles. When cartilage wears away, movement becomes painful and restricted. Rotator cuff damage further limits strength and stability. These problems affect many adults, especially those over age 60, athletes, and manual workers.

    If possible, non-surgical care always comes first. Physical therapy can improve strength and flexibility, while medications and injections can reduce inflammation and pain. However, these options sometimes stop working or don’t work at all for certain conditions.

    After non-surgical options run out, surgery then becomes the recommended next step.

    What are the Key Differences Between Shoulder Replacement Types?

    Choosing the right surgery depends on joint damage and rotator cuff health. Traditional shoulder replacement copies natural anatomy. The artificial ball attaches to the upper arm bone, and the socket attaches to the shoulder blade. This option works best when the rotator cuff functions well.

    Reverse shoulder replacement changes the joint structure. The ball attaches to the shoulder blade, then the socket attaches to the upper arm bone. This design allows the deltoid muscle to power arm movement. Reverse shoulder replacement works well when the rotator cuff is torn or nonfunctional.

    Common conditions treated with reverse shoulder replacement include:

    • Chronic rotator cuff tears
    • Severe shoulder arthritis with weakness
    • Rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory joint disease
    • Complex fractures
    • Failed previous shoulder surgery

    Many patients with these conditions regain overhead motion within weeks.

    What to Expect From Shoulder Replacement Surgery

    Both surgeries usually take less than two hours, and most patients go home the same day or after one night.

    Procedure: Surgeons often use 3D imaging to plan precise implant placement. Additionally, muscle-sparing techniques help protect surrounding tissue for the best results.

    Pain Control: Pain control includes general anesthesia and nerve blocks. These methods work to reduce discomfort and limit opioid use so that patients don’t need to worry about developing a reliance on them.

    Recovery: Recovery starts with light daily activities combined with guided rehabilitation. Physical therapy usually lasts about 12 weeks, and most patients reach overhead by three months.

    How Long Will My Shoulder Replacement Implant Last?

    Modern shoulder implants last several years. Over 90% still function well after ten years, especially now that surgeons use durable materials like titanium and polyethylene. New options include pyrocarbon components and patient-specific implants, which further advance the fit, movement, and longevity.

    FAQs About Shoulder Replacement Surgery

    1. What makes reverse shoulder replacement different from traditional shoulder replacement?
      It reverses the joint structure and uses the deltoid muscle instead of the rotator cuff.
    2. Who benefits most from reverse shoulder replacement?
      Patients with severe rotator cuff damage or limited shoulder mobility benefit most.
    3. How long does recovery take?
      Most patients improve steadily over three to six months with physical therapy.
    4. How long do shoulder implants last?
      Most implants function well for at least ten years or longer.
    5. When should I consider surgery?
      Surgery may help when pain and stiffness prohibit your daily activities, even after conservative care.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a shoulder injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Leg Swelling and Pitting Edema

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Leg Swelling and Pitting Edema in the Foot and Ankle

    Swelling on the body is a common symptom to experience. Normally, it is the result of inflammation as the body rushes blood and extra fluid to the site of an injury to help it heal. When your leg swells, it could be due to this response. However, there are other reasons for leg swelling that have to do with health conditions. In some of these cases, the swelling is sometimes known as pitting edema.

    When Leg Swelling Becomes Pitting Edema

    Pitting edema describes when someone has swollen legs due to a buildup of excess fluid to the point that pressure on the skin leaves temporary indentations (University of Maryland Medical Center).

    Pitting Edema Causes

    Fluid buildup can happen for a variety of reasons, according to Harvard Health Publishing from Harvard Medical School, including:

    • Prolonged standing or sitting, especially in hot weather
    • Venous insufficiency, or tiny valves inside the veins of the legs becoming weakened over time
    • Severe, chronic (long-term) lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis
    • Congestive heart failure
    • Pregnancy or preeclampsia
    • Low protein levels in the blood caused by malnutrition, kidney disease, and liver disease
    • Certain medications like nifedipine, steroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
    • Blood clots in the legs
    • An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism)

    Pitting edema is oftentimes associated with systemic conditions where fluid retention is the main issue. This fluid is mainly composed of water (osmosis.org). This is different from non-pitting edema, which is normally associated with local conditions. In non-pitting edema cases, the fluid buildup is mainly composed of substances like proteins, salts, and water.

    Do You Need a Doctor for Leg Swelling or Pitting Edema?

    Some of the causes for leg swelling and pitting edema aren’t uncommon or caused by underlying health issues. Pregnant people can usually expect some degree of swelling without cause for worry. Those standing or sitting or long periods of time just need to get the fluid moving again.

    However, if you experience regular or prolonged periods of pitting edema without knowing the cause, it would be best to have a doctor eliminate the possibility of it being for an underlying health issue. Regardless of the fact that it can sometimes be caused by harmless factors, it is still a symptom.

    If you or someone you love has suffered from pitting edema in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Symptoms of a Torn ACL and a Torn MCL

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Knee Injury

    The ACL (anterior collateral ligament) and the MCL (medial collateral ligament) are ligaments of the knee that are very close together. These two ligaments experience tears more commonly than the other two ligaments of the knee, which include the PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) and LCL (lateral collateral ligament. The reason for this is because of the ACL and MCL’s placement and the higher risk of damaging movements or impacts to them.

    Between the ACL and the MCL, an ACL tear is generally a more serious diagnosis. This is because the ACL is in the middle of the knee joint, where there is not a lot of blood flow that can heal the injury. Because the MCL is on the outside of the knee, these tears can sometimes heal on their own. Because ACL tears cannot heal on their own, they often require surgery.

    However, if you sustain a knee injury, there will be distinguishing symptoms for both a torn ACL and a torn MCL.

    Different Symptoms of a Torn ACL vs a Torn MCL

    Torn ACL

    Symptoms of a torn ACL can include:

    • A popping sound when the injury occurs
    • Knee pain, specifically on the outside of the knee
    • Knee swelling
    • Knee instability

    ACL tears often limit the range of back-and-forth motion of the knee. Fully straightening the knee is particularly painful.

    Torn MCL

    Symptoms of a torn MCL can include:

    • A popping sound when the injury occurs
    • Knee pain, specifically on the inside of the knee
    • Knee swelling
    • Knee stiffness
    • Knee instability

    MCL tears often limit twisting or torquing motions of the knee.

    ACL and MCL Tear Treatments

    Torn ACL

    Treatment for ACL tears usually require surgery. However, cases are determined by different factors. These include if your ACL tear is partial or complete, what your activity level is, and how bad your pain or other symptoms are.

    If you have a minor partial tear and your activity level is low, you may be treated with rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and physical therapy.

    Complete tears or ACL tears for those that partake in rigorous activity are normally recommended to undergo ACL reconstruction surgery and rehabilitation to avoid instability and other secondary knee issues in the future.

    Torn MCL

    Because torn MCLs have a higher rate of successfully healing themselves, these tears do not need surgery a majority of the time. Treatment usually include:

    • The R.I.C.E. method, or rest, ice, compression, and elevation
    • Physical therapy
    • Assistance devices like mobility scooters, crutches, or braces

    MCL and ACL Tear Doctor in Louisville, KY

    Knee pain can be debilitating, especially for those with high-activity lifestyles or careers. A torn ACL and a torn MCL may seem serious, but there are plenty of examples of high-level athletes returning to their game after recovering from a knee injury. Diagnosis, treatment, and plenty of time for recovery and rehabilitation are critical to returning without issues, though. Don’t skip your physical therapy, and if you think you have an ACL or MCL tear, get it checked out before it gets worse!

    If you or someone you love has suffered an MCL or ACL injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Do You Really Need a Knee Replacement for “Bone-on-Bone” Arthritis?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Bone on bone arthritis

    Many patients are told they have “bone-on-bone” arthritis, or end-stage osteoarthritis, on their x-ray and immediately worry that knee replacement surgery is their only option. The truth is, imaging alone should never determine whether you need surgery or not. The real indication for a knee replacement is pain that limits your daily activities. In addition, the suggestion for surgery should only come after you’ve completed a full course of conservative, non-operative treatment. If the pain is still unbearable, then imaging and discussions with your doctor can help you make the decision of whether or not to get knee replacement surgery.

    Key Takeaway About a Bone-On-Bone Arthritis Diagnosis: An x-ray that shows severe arthritis does not automatically mean you need a knee replacement. Your symptoms and your response to conservative care matter far more than the image.

    What Are Non-Operative Approaches to Bone-On-Bone Arthritis?

    A comprehensive, non-operative approach can include treatments such as:

    • Physical therapy to improve strength and mechanics
    • Injection therapy such as corticosteroids or viscosupplementation to decrease inflammation
    • Bracing to unload painful areas
    • Activity modification to reduce stress on the joint.

    Many patients experience significant improvement with these treatments, even with advanced arthritis.

    What If I Still Experience Knee Pain After Non-Operative Approaches?

    If, after diligently trying all these options, you are still struggling with pain, stiffness, or loss of function, then knee replacement becomes an excellent and appropriate solution. The surgery is designed to relieve pain and restore quality of life. But, it should be considered only when other methods have failed. It takes a long time to recover from knee replacement surgery and, like all surgeries, there are certain issues that can arise from it.

    Allowing your body to heal itself naturally is often the best route. But, pain should never take away from your quality of life, especially with our advances in modern medicine.

    Frequently Asked Questions About Bone-On-Bone Arthritis

    1. What can be done for bone-on-bone arthritis? Treatment options for osteoarthritis include non-operative methods like physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, braces or other assistance devices, and lifestyle changes. Surgical treatment can include a partial knee replacement or a full knee replacement surgery.
    2. What stage of arthritis is bone-on-bone arthritis? There is no medical diagnosis for ‘bone-on-bone”. The term simply describes late-stage, advanced, or severe osteoarthritis. Some medical experts may also refer to it as end-stage osteoarthritis.
    3. Is bone-on-bone arthritis serious? End-stage arthritis is only as serious as the pain level and frequency of flare-ups. If imaging tells you that you have ‘bone-on-bone arthritis’ but you haven’t experienced any unordinary levels of pain, or your arthritic flare-ups don’t bother you often, it might not be so serious as to consider surgery.
    4. Can you live with untreated bone-on-bone arthritis? Yes, of course! Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis and affects a large portion of adults as they age. There are several ways to offset the symptoms and manage the condition that don’t require a doctor’s prescription or any medical intervention.

    If you or someone you love has suffers from osteoarthritis in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    How to Wrap a Sprained Ankle

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    How to Wrap a Sprained Ankle

    Compression wraps are often used to help prevent sprained ankles from swelling too much. These wraps are not casts, so they are not so rigid that the ankle cannot move at all. It can limit movement, but the wrap should never be so tight that your ankle is immobile. That will cut off circulation to the rest of your foot and cause other issues.

    In order to get the best result from wrapping your ankle, follow these steps:

    How to Wrap a Sprained Ankle in 10 Steps

    1. Roll up your bandage wrap so that you can tell how much you have and where it is going.
    2. If possible, hold your ankle at a 90-degree angle. If the pain is serious enough that you cannot move your ankle into this position, contact your doctor to rule out a broken ankle.
    3. Take a loose end of the bandage and hold it to the side of your foot with the bandage roll facing down.
    4. Wrap the bandage around the ball of your foot, starting from your big toe and moving away, once with moderate tightness.
    5. Start working the bandage wrap around the arch of your foot with mild to moderate tightness.
    6. Once the arch of your foot is covered and back on the big toe-side of the foot, wrap it around the opposite side of the ankle.
    7. Bring the wrap back over the top of the foot and under the arch in a figure 8 pattern.
    8. Keep bandaging in that figure 8 pattern, slowly moving towards the heel on the bottom and towards the calf on top so that no part of your foot or calf has too many wraps and gets too tight.
    9. In total, the entire foot, excluding the toes, should be covered as well as about 3-4 inches of the ankle and calf.
    10. Once you run out of bandage, secure it with the included clips, loosely wrapped tape, or by tucking it securely under your previous wraps.

    What To After Wrapping a Sprained Ankle

    Once you wrap a sprained ankle, which counts as compression, you can continue with the other steps of R.I.C.E. Rest the injury if it is not serious enough to go to a doctor. Use ice to further prevent swelling. Elevate your foot at or above the level of your heart as often as possible for the next few days following the injury. This keeps pressure off the injury and helps to decrease swelling.

    If the pain increases or you return to your normal activities and reinjure your ankle immediately, contact a doctor. They can help prescribe the best course of action and get you back to normal faster. They may help you with physical therapy or send you towards a licensed physical therapist, give you stability supports like a brace or a boot to wear during the day, and help to monitor the progression of the injury.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a shoulder injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    What is a Labral Tear?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Labral Tear Shoulder Joint

    A labral tear in the shoulder is an injury to the ring of cartilage called the labrum that surrounds the socket of the shoulder joint. The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. The labrum helps keep the ball (the top of the upper arm bone) securely in the socket while allowing a wide range of motion. When the labrum is torn, the shoulder can become painful, weak, or feel unstable. It might even feel like it could “pop out” of place.

    How Does a Labral Tear Happen?

    Labral tears can happen from a traumatic injury, such as falling on an outstretched arm or lifting something heavy suddenly, or from repetitive overuse, like throwing a baseball or swimming. Common symptoms include:

    • Deep shoulder pain
    • A catching or clicking sensation
    • Loss of strength
    • Difficulty with overhead activities

    Labral Tear Diagnosis and Treatment

    Diagnosis is often made through a physical exam and confirmed with an MRI. Treatment depends on how severe the tear is. Many people improve with rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications. However, in more serious cases—especially if the shoulder remains unstable or painful—arthroscopic surgery may be needed to repair the torn labrum. With proper treatment and rehabilitation, most people can return to their usual activities without pain or limitation

    FAQs About Labral Tears

    1. Will a labral tear heal on its own?
      1. In some cases, a shoulder labral tear can heal with just rest and physical therapy; however, it all depends on the severity of the tear.
    2. What is the best treatment for a labral tear?
      1. The best course of treatment depends on the type, severity, and location of the labrum tear. If the tear is small and incomplete, rest and physical therapy may be enough. If the tear is large or completely torn, surgery may be better to prevent further shoulder instability.
    3. How serious are labral tears?
      1. Labral tears can be serious, as we use our shoulders for a variety of different day-to-day tasks. To athletes who use their shoulders a lot or workers who have overhead tasks to complete, a labral tear is even more serious. It can prevent you from performing in the future due to instability. Having it checked to see if surgery is necessary could save you a lot of pain in the future.
    4. What does a labral tear feel like?
      1. The most common symptoms of a shoulder labral tear are shoulder pain and instability and a grinding, locking, catching, or clicking sensation when moving the shoulder.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a shoulder injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Can You Still Play Sports After a Shoulder Injury?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    If you’re an athlete with a shoulder injury, you may be wondering: can you still safely play sports after a shoulder injury? The good news is that, with the right treatment and rehabilitation plan, the answer is yes. Most athletes can successfully return to their favorite activities after a shoulder injury. Regardless of whether your injury is from baseball, tennis, swimming, or golf, your recovery depends on a careful balance of rest, rehabilitation, and progressive return-to-play strategies.

    Understanding Shoulder Injuries in Athletes

    Shoulder injuries are among the most common issues in sports medicine. According to a 2021 study published in Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation from the Arthroscopy Association of North America (AANA), nearly one-third of all shoulder injuries are sports-related. Common athletic shoulder injuries include:

    • Rotator cuff tears
    • SLAP tears (labrum injuries)
    • Shoulder dislocations and instability
    • Tendonitis or bursitis

    These conditions often result from repetitive strain or traumatic impact and require an individualized rehabilitation plan to safely return to play. Overhead and throwing athletes like baseball pitchers, volleyball players, and swimmers face an especially high risk because their shoulders endure those repetitive, high-stress motions.

    The Key to Playing Sports After a Shoulder Injury: Proper Diagnosis and Recovery

    Returning to sports after a shoulder injury begins with an accurate diagnosis and a structured recovery plan. As the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) emphasizes in its guide on working out after an injury, the first and most important step is to consult your doctor for a personalized game plan. Every sport places different demands on the body,  and no two injuries or athletes are the same. Your recovery should reflect your sport, skill level, and physical condition.

    However, common treatment plan may include:

    • Physical therapy and targeted shoulder strengthening
    • Manual therapy to restore range of motion
    • Guided progression to sport-specific activities
    • Surgical intervention (if necessary) for severe or chronic injuries

    Phases of Shoulder Rehabilitation

    Recovery from a shoulder injury follows several phases, and patience is crucial. As described in the AANA’s rehabilitation framework, athletes typically progress through four key stages:

    1. Acute Phase – Focuses on reducing inflammation, pain management, and gentle movement.

    2. Intermediate Phase – Introduces stretching and low-resistance strengthening.

    3. Advanced Phase – Begins dynamic and sport-specific strengthening with stability drills.

    4. Return-to-Activity Phase – The gradual return to sports with endurance and sport-specific programs.

    The ultimate goal is to regain full, pain-free motion, balanced shoulder strength, and confidence in your ability to perform without restriction. This structured approach helps to achieve full recovery of motion, stability, and strength

    Avoiding Setbacks When Returning to Sports

    One of the most common mistakes athletes make after an injury is returning too soon. As HSS experts note, don’t rush back too quickly. Your recovery should take twice as long as the time you were sidelined. If you were out for two weeks, plan for four weeks before returning to full performance.

    At Orthopaedic Specialists, we encourage patients to listen to their bodies. Pain is a signal, not a challenge. Pushing through pain or ignoring discomfort can lead to secondary injuries, often in the opposite shoulder or compensating muscles. Recovery is all about minimizing reinjury risk while maximizing performance.

    Tips for Safely Returning to Sports After a Shoulder Injury

    If you’re working on getting back to your favorite sport, keep these strategies in mind:

    1. Start small. Begin with light band exercises and low-resistance movements.
    2. Focus on form. Use proper mechanics to retrain shoulder stability.
    3. Prioritize flexibility. Incorporate daily mobility and stretching.
    4. Train the whole body. Strong core and leg muscles reduce shoulder load.
    5. Progress gradually. Build up to sport-specific drills, such as serves or throws, only when you are pain-free.

    Once you’re ready, start with partial play before returning to full intensity with exercises like light batting practice, easy golf chipping drills, or short tennis rallies.

    Long-Term Outlook: Yes, You Can Play Sports After a Shoulder Injury

    With proper care, most athletes make a full return to sports after a shoulder injury. Studies from the AANA Journal show that even professional athletes who undergo surgery for shoulder instability or rotator cuff repair achieve strong rates of return-to-play success. The key lies in following a gradual, evidence-based rehabilitation program and maintaining open communication with your orthopedic specialist.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Returning to Sports After a Shoulder Injury

    1. How long does it take to return to sports after a shoulder injury?

    Recovery time depends on injury type and severity. Mild strains may take 4–6 weeks, while surgical repairs can require 3–6 months.

    2. Can I prevent reinjury once I’m back to playing?

    Yes. Ongoing strength training, proper warm-ups, and regular stretching reduce reinjury risk. Cultivating your core and scapular stability is especially important for overhead athletes. Be sure to maintain proper posture, strengthen the rotator cuff, and continue flexibility training.

    3. When should I consider surgery for a sports shoulder injury?

    If pain persists after physical therapy or your shoulder is repeatedly reinjured, surgery may be necessary. Dr. Grossfeld performs minimally invasive shoulder procedures designed to restore function and stability for active patients. However, we will review all non-surgical options first and only recommend surgery when absolutely necessary.

    If you or someone you love has suffered a shoulder injury in the Louisville, Kentucky-area, board certified sports medicine physician Dr. Stacie Grossfeld at Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC can help. Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC is accepting new patients, and same day appointments are available. For additional information or to schedule an appointment, please contact Orthopaedic Specialists PLLC today at 502-212-2663.

    Heat vs. Ice for Arthritic Flare-Ups: Which Is Better?

    Posted by Orthopaedic Specialists

    Arthritic Flare-Up Triggers and Symptoms

    When arthritis pain strikes, one of the most common questions patients ask is whether to reach for a heating pad or an ice pack. While both can provide relief in certain situations, heat is generally the better choice for managing arthritic flare-ups.

    How Does Heat Help to Manage an Arthritic Flare-Up?

    Heat helps an arthritic flare-up by increasing blood flow to stiff joints and sore muscles, relaxing tight tissues, and easing discomfort. Warmth can reduce stiffness and improve flexibility, which makes it easier to move the affected joint.

    Moist heat, like a warm shower, a heating pad, or a microwavable moist pack, is especially effective because it penetrates deep into the tissues.

    When is Ice Helpful for Injuries?

    Ice is most helpful immediately after an acute injury or when there’s significant swelling. It helps the body by constricting blood vessels, numbing the nerves temporarily to decrease pain, and slowing circulation to the area.

    Choose Heat for Arthritic Flare-Ups

    Arthritis is typically a chronic, inflammatory process. Cold can sometimes make joints feel tighter and more painful. This is why, for most people with arthritis, daily gentle heat therapy offers the best results.

    Try applying warmth for 15–20 minutes at a time, especially before exercise or stretching. Always use a moderate temperature to avoid burns. When it comes to soothing arthritic pain and restoring mobility, heat wins out as the most comforting and effective choice.

    Frequently Asked Questions About Arthritic Flare-Ups

    1. What is an arthritic flare-up?

    An arthritic flare-up is a period of time when those who suffer from chronic arthritis experience worsening symptoms of arthritis. Flare-ups can happen even when you are taking medication for relief, or have been taking steps to manage your arthritis (Arthritis Foundation). Symptoms can include increased pain and stiffness, swelling and redness, and limited range of motion (The Jackson Clinics Physical Therapy).

    2. What triggers flare-ups?

    Sometimes, flare-ups happen whether you are doing everything right or not. However, there are triggers that can lead to a higher risk of flare-ups. These triggers can include:

    • Overdoing physical activity, especially motions that are repetitive or target arthritic joints.
    • Illnesses and infections that lower the body’s ability to fight off flare-ups of inflammation.
    • Stress or emotional distress.
    • Changes in the weather, temperature, or barometric pressure. This is largely a mystery, but doctors theorize that as the weather gets colder, the fluid in joint capsules gets thicker, which may contribute to worsening flare-ups.
    • Forgetting to take your medicine, taking medication incorrectly, or changing medications.
    • Poor sleep habits.
    • A poor diet or sudden change in your diet.
    • Lifestyle factors like smoking and weight.

    3. How long do they last?

    Arthritic flare-ups can last from days to months. This is largely dependent on how you manage flare-ups, and how you shift your lifestyle, if necessary. If you are taking measures to manage your arthritis, you may experience less frequent or less extensive flare-ups, but there is no definitive time measurement as it varies so greatly.

    4. How else can I manage a flare-up?

    You can manage arthritic flare-ups in several ways that can include both surgical and non-surgical options.

    1. Change your workouts to focus more on arthritis-friendly movements and exercises like swimming, water aerobics, yoga, or e-biking.
    2. See a doctor to talk about your options for treatments like corticosteroid injections, physical therapy, or surgical procedures like knee replacements.
    3. Use assistive devices like wheelchairs, crutches, canes, or walkers.
    4. Take advantage of heat therapy.
    5. Identify and avoid triggers in your diet, exercises, and stress levels. The more you are familiar with your body and its triggers, the better you can manage your arthritic flare-ups.