Football Injuries – NFL Injury Update 2013

football injuries are commonAn elite athlete who is a pro football player has a career in the NFL on average for 3.6 years. Pro football players tend to sustain football injuries at much younger ages than the general population.

Two interesting studies were published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine in 2013 looking specifically NFL football injuries. The first article was published in August and it reviewed quadriceps tendon injury. The second article, published in September, looked at operative and non operative treatment of cervical disc herniation.

From the years 1994 to 2004 all the quadriceps tendon injuries were identified and reviewed. There were only 14 quadriceps tendon  injuries in the NFL during that time period. Complete rupture of the tendon occurred in 11 players with a partial tear in the remaining three players. Quadriceps tendon injuries commonly occur in the general population in people older than 40 years of age.

Predisposing factors for a quad tendon rupture in the general population are:

  • Male gender
  • Use of anabolic steroids
  • Statin use
  • Locally injected steroids
  • Prolonged use of oral steroids

Diseases such as: diabetes, renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis, and infection can predispose patients to rupture of the quadriceps. (more…)

Arthroplasty and Shoulder Replacement in Young Patients

shoulder replacementThere are several surgical options for treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteonecrosis in the shoulder. The options include a total shoulder replacement, reverse shoulder replacement, resurfacing procedures, and hemiarthroplasty.  Shoulder hemiarthroplasty is a shoulder replacement procedure which involves replacing the broken humeral head with an artificial joint and reconstructing the fractured bone.

Many studies have proven that the revision rate in patients is much higher if shoulder surgery is performed before the patient is 50 years old.

The question is what surgical procedure should the patient undergo. An excellent study reported in the September 2013 edition of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery compared three different shoulder procedures in patients younger than 59 years of age and a second round that was 59 years or older. (more…)

Pediatric Sports Injuries: An Epidemic

Outdoor Play helps prevent Sports Injuries and Childhood Obesity

As a sports medicine specialist and an orthopedic surgeon that treats youth sports injuries we are faced with two serious problems. They tend to be on opposite sides of the spectrum:  The rise of childhood obesity and the parallel rise in pediatric sports injuries.

I would like to quote Dr. Lyle Micheli who is one of the leading sports medicine pediatric orthopedic surgeons and researchers in the world who  practices at Boston Children’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. This is from his article in the August, 2013 American Journal of Sports Medicine: Pediatric Sports Injuries An Age Comparison of Children Versus Adolescents.

Dr. Micheli states:

“As a solution to the growing epidemic of juvenile obesity, it must be a priority for health care providers, policy makers and researchers to promote athletic activities among American children. Participation in competitive youth athletics has grown steadily over the past 4 decades reflecting a general trend toward specialization and competition during childhood. Early sports competition and specialization, combined with lack of physical preparedness and or lack of free play, predispose the young child to significant sports injuries that may have long term sequelae both physically and emotionally. The early drive and intensity of youth sports not only sacrifice fun but also produce overuse injuries. The increased competitive element also exposes children to more serious sports related injuries such as concussions, physeal injuries and ACL tears.”

It’s important to teach our children the importance of a healthy diet and to promote physical fitness. It is also equally important as parents to make sure the amount and type of fitness is appropriate. (more…)

Shoulder Pain – An Overview from Louisville Orthopedic

Shoulder Pain from Shoulder InjuryShoulder Pain Common With Shoulder Injuries

Your shoulder is comprised of three different bones – your humerus, clavicle, and scapula. Along with these bones, your shoulder also has a lot of ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Shoulder pain is a common symptom of a shoulder injury. Shoulder injuries are common and can happen as a result of an accident, some type of sports injury, or during a bad fall.

People who engage in a lot of repetitive arm movements that involve the shoulder are also at an increased risk for some type of shoulder injury.  Certain jobs like painting ceilings and walls, fixing cars that are on an overhead vehicle lift, or carrying and raising objects overhead, may lead to a shoulder injury over a period of time.

According to the CDC, millions of Americans experience chronic shoulder pain that lasts for longer than a few weeks. Shoulder injuries tend to be quite painful and can keep people off the playing field or out of work for an extended length of time.

Looking at occupational injuries among full-time workers in 2011, data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics revealed that 12% of all injuries involved the shoulder. About one third of ergonomic injuries or musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) required time off from work, and the most severe involved shoulder injuries, which required an average of 21 days off from work. (more…)

Slap Tear: An Overview of this Common Shoulder Injury

slap tearYour shoulder socket is surrounded by tissue called labrum. Sometimes this tissue is damaged or torn – and when this happens, it is called a SLAP tear, which is an abbreviation for “superior labrum anterior to posterior.”

There are many different ways you can get a slap tear. For example, you can get a slap tear while lifting heavy things. You may get a slap tear if you fall on your arm or shoulder. Sometimes people experience a slap tear if they brace themselves during a car accident.

A slap tear is also a common shoulder injury for those who participate in activities that require a lot of throwing or repetitive overhead movements. This includes sports like tennis, baseball, volleyball or swimming.  Sometimes football players suffer from a slap tear during a tackle or any intense force to the shoulder and arm.

Diagnosing a Slap Tear

If you think you have a slap tear, you should see a qualified medical professional like Louisville orthopedic surgeon Dr. Stacie Grossfeld for a thorough evaluation.  When you experience a slap tear, depending on the severity, it is possible that it may be treated without surgical intervention. In this case a combination of rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medicine like ibuprofen or aspirin, and physical therapy to stabilize and strengthen your shoulder muscles, may be recommended.

If you have a more severe slap tear or if your slap tear is not healing with non-surgical treatment, you may need to have surgery. Your doctor will advise you on whether you need orthopedic surgery for a slap tear based on many different factors.

Slap tears are often classified by severity. The least severe type of slap tear is a Slap 1 lesion. This typically involves degenerative tearing on the inner labrum. The most severe type of slap lesion is a Type 4 slap lesion. This tearing extends from the labrum into the tendon in the bicep. Type II slap tears tend to be one of the most common types of SLAP tears for orthopedic surgeons to repair.

Surgery to Repair a Slap Tear

Surgery for a slap tear generally involves arthroscopy to fix the labrum. Arthroscopic surgery is typically done as an outpatient procedure. (more…)

Acromioclavicular Joint or AC Joint Injury

acromioclavicular joint If you separate your acromioclavicular joint or experience an AC joint injury, are there other structures within the shoulder that may have been damaged?

Separation of the AC joint typically occurs from a direct blow to the shoulder. This common shoulder injury may happen as a result of some type of sports injury, during an accident, or from some other type of impact.

There are four common grades of an AC joint separation. Grade 1 through 3 typically do not involve surgical reconstruction and can be treated conservatively. A recent study found that three out of ten patients with grade 3 and grade 4 AC joint separations had concomitant pathology.

Dr. Paula and colleagues published in the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery in June 2013 that they found additional shoulder injuries, besides the acromioclavicular joint separation, ranging from rotator cuff damage to labral tears. (more…)

Dislocated Shoulder – An Overview of the Latest Research

shoulder dislocationThe shoulder is the most commonly dislocated joint in the body, with approximately 2 percent of Americans suffering from a dislocated shoulder at some time in their life.

An interesting study performed at the Orthopedic Biomechanical Laboratory in Long Beach, California, run by Dr. Patrick McMahon and colleagues, looked at the amount of force that was needed to produce a dislocated shoulder. This study was published in the August 2013 issue of the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. Follow along to learn more about the research findings.

A dislocated shoulder occurs when the upper arm bone, or the humerus, is dislocated from the glenoid, the cup of the shoulder joint.  There are several different ways the shoulder may dislocate:

  1. Out the front of the shoulder (anteriorly)
  2. From the back of the shoulder (posteriorly)
  3. Under the shoulder joint (inferiorly)

There are approximately 5.6 million people between ages 18-70 that have had a shoulder dislocation. The most common cause or etiology of a shoulder dislocation is the result of a traumatic event. The most common direction the dislocation occurs is anteriorly, out the front, of the shoulder.  (more…)

Clavicle Fracture

broken clavicle or clavicle fractureWhat is a Clavicle Fracture?

One of the most common types of fractures is the broken collar bone or clavicle fracture.

Your clavicle is the long narrow bone that is responsible for connecting your arm to your body. It is situated between your shoulder blade and your ribcage. When you experience a clavicle fracture, it often breaks either where it connects to your shoulder blade or your ribcage.

Many broken clavicles happen when you are hit hard in the shoulder. This could happen while participating in sporting activities like mountain biking, when you fall, or during a car accident. Sometimes babies may even experience a broken clavicle during birth.

Sometimes people who are not getting enough calcium and Vitamin D may be more likely to suffer from a clavicle fracture. (more…)

Frozen Shoulder Treatment

frozen shoulder treatment and shoulder surgeryTreatment of a Frozen Shoulder: Adhesive Capsulitis

 

A frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, happens when a person has a stiff shoulder and it cannot be moved through a full range of motion passively or actively. It is not painful as long as the arm is not being moved around. If the shoulder is forced to move in the range where the stiffness is present, it is very painful.

Non-Surgical Treatment for Frozen Shoulder

The mainstay of treatment for frozen shoulder involves reduction of the inflammation with an oral anti-inflammatory medication or a cortisone injection with concurrent physical therapy or home exercise program.  Most frozen shoulders can be treated successfully this way.

Surgical Treatment for Frozen Shoulder

If this nonsurgical treatment fails, surgical treatment is the next option. Surgery for frozen shoulder can range from a simple closed manipulation under anesthesia to surgical resection of the scar tissue and capsule release.

(more…)

Ten Things that Can Cause an Asthma Attack

asthma attackAsthma is a common condition that, according to the National Center for Environmental Health, strikes upwards  of 1 in 11 children and 1 in 12 adults.

Asthma rates in Louisville are even higher than the national average with 13% of adults in Jefferson County reported to have the condition, based on BRFSS data.

Asthma is a challenging disease that makes breathing difficult. When a person experiences an asthma attack, there is inflammation in the airways in their lungs, which causes breathing problems.

An asthma attack can vary in severity from more moderate to very severe. In the most extreme cases, people can even die from the condition.

Common symptoms associated with  an asthma attack include wheezing, coughing and difficulty breathing. People experiencing an asthma attack also sometimes feel chest pain. (more…)